{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T07:57:14Z","timestamp":1793519834496,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,11]],"date-time":"2007-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1168473600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7315,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Industrial Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1987,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional epidemiological study was carried out among 141 male subjects exposed to inorganic manganese (Mn) in a Mn oxide and salt producing plant (mean age 34.3 years; duration of exposure, mean 7.1 years, range 1\u201319 years). The results were compared with those of a matched control group of 104 subjects. The intensity of Mn exposure was moderate as reflected by the airborne Mn levels and the concentrations of Mn in blood (Mn\u2010B) and in urine (Mn\u2010U). A significantly higher prevalence of cough in cold season, dyspnea during exercise, and recent episodes of acute bronchitis was found in the Mn group. Lung ventilatory parameters (forced vital capacity, FVC; forced expiratory volume in one second, FEV<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>; peak expiratory flow rate, PEFR) were only mildly altered in the Mn group (smokers) and the intensity and the prevalence of these changes were not related to Mn\u2010B, Mn\u2010U, or duration of exposure. There was no synergistic effect between Mn exposure and smoking on the spirometric parameters. Except for a few nonspecific symptoms (fatigue, tinnitus, trembling of fingers, increased irritability), the prevalence of the other subjective complaints did not differ significantly between the control and Mn groups. Psychomotor tests were more sensitive than the standardized neurological examination for the early detection of adverse effects of Mn on the central nervous system (CNS). Significant alterations were found in simple reaction time (visual), audioverbal short\u2010term memory capacity, and hand tremor (eye\u2010hand coordination, hand steadiness). A slight increase in the number of circulating neutrophils and in the values of several serum parameters (ie, calcium, ceruloplasmin, copper, and ferritin) was also found in the Mn group. There were no clear\u2010cut dose\u2013response relationships between Mn\u2010U or duration of Mn exposure and the prevalence of abnormal CNS or biological findings. The prevalences of disturbances in hand tremor and that of increased levels of serum calcium were related to Mn\u2010B. The response to the eye\u2010hand coordination test suggests the existence of a Mn\u2010B threshold at about 1 \u03bcg Mn\/100 ml of whole blood. This study demonstrates that a time\u2010weighted average exposure to airborne Mn dust (total dust) of about 1 mg\/m<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> for less than 20 years may present preclinical signs of intoxication.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.4700110308","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,16]],"date-time":"2007-04-16T23:18:23Z","timestamp":1176765503000},"page":"307-327","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":226,"title":["Epidemiological survey among workers exposed to manganese: Effects on lung, central nervous system, and some biological indices"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Harry","family":"Roels","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Lauwerys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean\u2010Pierre","family":"Buchet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Genet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Jawad","family":"Sarhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Hanotiau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mich\u00e8le","family":"de Fays","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfred","family":"Bernard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Stanescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/jas1976.423630x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.27.3.213"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"339","article-title":"Role of manganese in dystonia","volume":"14","author":"Barbeau A","year":"1976","journal-title":"Adv Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.63.2.171"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","unstructured":"Baulande G G\u00e9rodias P. 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