{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T22:36:07Z","timestamp":1768689367818,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,25]],"date-time":"2013-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1382659200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8698,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Industrial Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In Norway's only viscose rayon plant, carbon disulfide (CS<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) concentrations in ambient air usually were between 30 and 50 mg\/m<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> during the first 23 years of production. From 1970\/1971 until the factory was closed in 1982, corresponding values were 10\u201325 mg\/m<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>. Through all of these years, high peak exposures of CS<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S occurred. In 1986, 16 of the 24 men still at work in 1982 and with at least 10 years' experience in the spinning room agreed to participate in this study. Clinical neurological examination demonstrated abnormalities in 15; neuropsychological tests showed impairments of probable organic origin in 14. Thirteen had cerebral atrophy demonstrated by cerebral computed tomography (CT). Electromyography (EMG) was abnormal in six, neurography in 11. Regional cerebral blood flow measurements indicated flow asymmetries in eight, whereas Doppler investigation of the extracranial carotid and vertebral arteries, electroencephalography (EEG), and evoked response investigations were mostly normal. Based on these results and the exposure data, a diagnosis of CS<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010induced encephalopathy was reached in eight workers; another six had an encephalopathy in which CS<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> exposure was regarded as a partial cause. Correspondingly, seven had a neuropathy probably caused by CS<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> exposure alone; in three others, CS<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> was found to be the partial cause of a neuropathy. This indicates that long\u2010term, relatively moderate exposure to CS<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> in association with high peak exposures to CS<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S involves a substantial risk of developing neurotoxic disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.4700180104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,25]],"date-time":"2013-10-25T13:38:04Z","timestamp":1382708284000},"page":"25-37","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Carbon disulfide exposure and neurotoxic sequelae among viscose rayon workers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Olaf","family":"Aaserud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ole J\u00f6rgen","family":"Hommeren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bj\u00f6rn","family":"Tvedt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Per","family":"Nakstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gunnar","family":"Mow\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jon","family":"Efskind","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Russell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eva B.","family":"J\u00f6rgensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rolf","family":"Nyberg\u2010Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kjell","family":"Rootwelt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leif","family":"Gjerstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"AaserudO. RussellD. Nyberg\u2010HansenR. RootweltK. J\u00f6rgensenE. NakstadP. HommerenOJ TvedtB. GjerstadL.(1990):Cerebral blood flow after long\u2010term exposure to carbon disulfide. (Submitted)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Revised Visual Retention Test","author":"Benton A.","year":"1974"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"144","article-title":"Subjective and objective behavioural alterations in carbon disulphide workers","volume":"69","author":"Cassito MG","year":"1978","journal-title":"Med Lavoro"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"209","article-title":"Chronic peripheral neuropathy in workers with previous exposure to carbon disulphide","volume":"40","author":"Corsi G.","year":"1983","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4679(196801)24:1<96::AID-JCLP2270240131>3.0.CO;2-U"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","first-page":"350","article-title":"Note sur les accidents que d\u00e9velope, chez les ouvriers en caoutchouc, l'inhalation du sulfure de carbone en vapeur","volume":"21","author":"Delpech A.","year":"1856","journal-title":"Bulletin de l'Acad\u00e9mie Imp\u00e9riale de Med\u00e9cine"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"H\u00e5ndbok for Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale","author":"Engvik H.","year":"1978"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"WAIS, tillegg til h\u00e5ndbok\u201d","author":"Engvik H.","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00496982"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","first-page":"374","article-title":"Psychological picture of manifest and latent carbon disulfide poisoning","volume":"28","author":"H\u00e4nninen H.","year":"1971","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","first-page":"11","article-title":"Blood lipids, glucose tolerance and plasma creatinine in workers exposed to carbon disulfide","volume":"8","author":"Hernberg S.","year":"1971","journal-title":"Work Environ Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","first-page":"313","article-title":"Coronary heart disease among workers exposed to carbon disulphide","volume":"27","author":"Hernberg S.","year":"1970","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","first-page":"59","article-title":"Polyneuropathies in occupational neurology: Pathogenetic and clinical aspects","volume":"66","author":"Juntunen J.","year":"1982","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scandav"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00380012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.2792"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","first-page":"49","article-title":"Chronic exposure to carbon disulfide: Effects on occupationally exposed workers with special reference to the nervous system","volume":"11","author":"Knave B.","year":"1974","journal-title":"Work Environ Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/32.1.44"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","volume-title":"Neuropsychological Assessment","author":"Lezak D.","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","first-page":"65","article-title":"The clinical and experimental aspects of carbon disulphide intoxication","volume":"11","author":"Magos L.","year":"1975","journal-title":"Rev Environ Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"Abstract of the Second International Symposium on Toxicology of Carbon Disulfide","author":"Mow\u00e9 G.","year":"1971"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"Criteria for a Recommended Standard Occupational Exposure to Hydrogen Sulfide.\u201d Publication no. 77\u2013158","author":"NIOSH","year":"1977"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","first-page":"32","article-title":"Effects of intervention on the cardiovascular mortality of workers exposed to carbon disulfide: a 15 year follow up","volume":"42","author":"Nurminen M.","year":"1985","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","first-page":"67","article-title":"A behavioural examination of workers exposed to carbon disulfide","volume":"4","author":"Putz\u2010Anderson V.","year":"1983","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","volume-title":"L'intoss\u00edcazione professionale da CS2","author":"Quarelli G.","year":"1928"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","first-page":"97","article-title":"Measurement of cerebral blood flow with 133\u2010Xenon inhalation and dynamic single photon emission computer tomography. Normal values","volume":"46","author":"Rootwelt K.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Scand J Clin Lab Invest"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","first-page":"39","article-title":"A morbidity study of viscose rayon workers exposed to carbon disulfide","volume":"39","author":"Sakurai H.","year":"1982","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","first-page":"107","volume-title":"Toxicology of Carbon Disulfide","author":"Scheel LD","year":"1967"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","first-page":"145","article-title":"Neurotoxicity of long\u2010term exposure to carbon disulfide in the viscose rayon industry","volume":"11","author":"Sepp\u00e4l\u00e4inen A\u2010M","year":"1974","journal-title":"A neurophysiological study. Work Environ Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(79)90165-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1972.tb07577.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00378338"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","first-page":"1245","article-title":"Computerized tomography in chronic carbon disulfide poisoning","volume":"31","author":"Sugimura K.","year":"1979","journal-title":"Brain Nerve (Tokyo)"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02178951"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1971.tb00555.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","first-page":"15","volume-title":"Toxicology of Carbon Disulfide. Proceedings of a Symposium, Prague, September 15th\u201317th, 1966","author":"Vasak","year":"1967"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","volume-title":"Carbon Disulfide.\u201d Environmental Health Criteria 10","author":"WHO","year":"1979"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Industrial Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fajim.4700180104","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ajim.4700180104","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,22]],"date-time":"2023-10-22T07:33:46Z","timestamp":1697960026000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ajim.4700180104"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1990,1]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ajim.4700180104"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajim.4700180104","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0271-3586","1097-0274"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0271-3586","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0274","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1990,1]]}}}