{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T02:36:28Z","timestamp":1785897388612,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,19]],"date-time":"2007-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1169164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6227,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Industrial Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 30 year\u2010old male polyurethane worker was exposed to an accidental spill of 4,4\u2032\u2010methylene\u2010bis\u20102\u2010chloroaniline (MBOCA) at a plant producing MBOCA\u2010cured plastic products. Exposure to MBOCA is significant in that this compound is a known animal carcinogen and a suspected human carcinogen. The employee was sprayed over his upper body and extremities with molten MBOCA while cleaning out a clogged hose from a MBOCA and polymer mixing machine. The subsequent environmental and medical evaluation of this episode included serial urinary MBOCA samples from the worker over a 2 week period to allow the calculation of a biological half\u2010life for this compound. This worker experienced a very high dose of MBOCA as judged by his urinary MBOCA levels (peak value of 1,700 ppb 4 hours after exposure). There were no acute symptoms or other laboratory abnormalities noted. The kinetic evaluation resulted in a biological half\u2010life for MBOCA in urine of approximately 23 hours. Assuming a one\u2010compartment model, approximately 94% of an initial MBOCA dose will be eliminated within four days. This is the first report of kinetic analysis on urinary MBOCA excretion in humans. This information suggests that biological monitoring of the urine MBOCA concentrations in exposed workers may miss peak levels following an acute exposure unless the analyses of the urinary MBOCA are performed in a timely fashion. Recommendations to the company included: 1) installation of a warning system or lock\u2010out device on the mixing machine to prevent the opening of the MBOCA hose prior to the release of pressure; and 2) annual medical surveillance of this individual for bladder cancer with urinalysis and urine cytology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.4700180508","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,18]],"date-time":"2007-04-18T18:28:24Z","timestamp":1176920904000},"page":"577-589","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Biological monitoring of a worker acutely exposed to MBOCA"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Ana Maria","family":"Osorio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Clapp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Ward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. Kerr","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Cocker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Threshold Limit Values and Biological Exposure Indices for 1985\u201386","author":"ACGIH, American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, Committee on Threshold Limits","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00378371"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"75","article-title":"Tumours of the urinary bladder in workmen engaged in the manufacture and use of certain dyestuff intermediates in the British chemical industry","volume":"11","author":"Case RAM","year":"1954","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-9351(83)90203-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00378378"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","volume":"8","author":"GISO, General Industry Safety Orders","year":"1985","journal-title":"California Title"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-9351(84)90074-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"670","volume-title":"Principles and Methods of Toxicology","author":"Hayes A","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0002889778507795"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","first-page":"149","article-title":"Determination of the tumorigenic potential of methylene\u2010bis\u2010orthochloroaniline","volume":"2","author":"Kommineni C","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0002889718506543"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0272-0590(84)90239-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","first-page":"502","article-title":"Recent occupational health experiences in Ontario","volume":"7","author":"Mastromatteo E","year":"1965","journal-title":"J Occup Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","unstructured":"NIOSH(1978): \u201cSpecial Hazard Review with Control Recommendations for 4 4\u2032\u2010methylene\u2010bis(2\u2010chloroaniline).\u201d DHEW(NIOSH) Publ. 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