{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T05:09:31Z","timestamp":1777612171725,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,19]],"date-time":"2007-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1169164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5862,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Industrial Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Perchloroethylene (PCE) is a widely used dry cleaning and degreasing solvent. Although there is evidence in animals and humans for renal effects at extremely high doses, there are few studies of its potential renal toxicity at typical occupational concentrations. This study reports on the relationship of PCE in breath and estimates of chronic exposure with the urinary ratios of total urinary protein, albumin, and n\u2010acetyl\u2010glucosaminidase (NAG) to creatinine in dry cleaning workers exposed to PCE. Regression models including one or more exposure variables, demographic variables, mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), and the presence of diseases affecting kidney function were examined.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Urine samples, breath samples, exposure histories, and medical histories were obtained from 192 dry cleaning workers. The results failed to demonstrate any consistent relationship between exposure and renal outcome variables. However, protein\/creatinine and albumin\/creatinine were significantly, although weakly and positively, associated with MAP; NAG\/creatinine was weakly but significantly positively associated with age; mean NAG\/creatinine was also higher in non\u2010whites. The reasons why an association between exposure and renal outcome was not found are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.4700200504","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,19]],"date-time":"2007-04-19T09:38:01Z","timestamp":1176975481000},"page":"601-614","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Renal function in dry cleaning workers exposed to perchloroethylene"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"David","family":"Solet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas G.","family":"Robins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"S335","article-title":"Preamble to Occupational Safety and Health Administration final rule revising workplace air contaminant limits","volume":"18","author":"BNA","year":"1989","journal-title":"Occupational Safety and Health Reporter"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"6","article-title":"D\u00e9termination de la concentration l\u00e9thale\u201050 des principaux hydrocarbures aliphatiques chlor\u00e9s chez le rat","volume":"41","author":"Bonnet JM","year":"1980","journal-title":"Arch Mal Prof"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(76)90527-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-71248-7_95"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"Physiology and Biophysics of the Circulation.","author":"Burton AC","year":"1965"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","first-page":"323","article-title":"The chronic toxicity of tetrachloroethylene","volume":"19","author":"Carpenter CP","year":"1937","journal-title":"Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"Chemical Marketing Reporter(1986):Chemical profile: Perchloroethylene. Chemical Marketing Reporter p.50 February 3."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"311","article-title":"The effect of anthelmintics on the host: I. Tetrachloroethylene. II. Hexylresorcinol","volume":"48","author":"Christensen BC","year":"1933","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/30.4.593a","article-title":"Evaluation of a new test for n\u2010acetyl\u2010b\u2010d\u2010glucosaminidase in urine","volume":"30","author":"Cooper EH","year":"1984","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"DHEW (NIOSH)(1978): \u201cCurrent Intelligence Bulletin 20: Tetrachloroethylene (Perchloroethylene).\u201d U.S. Department of Health Education and Welfare (DHEW\/NIOSH Pub. No.78\u2013112)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","unstructured":"DHEW (NIOSH)(1976): \u201cCrieteria for a Recommended Standard. Occupational Exposure to Tetrachloroethylene.\u201d U.S. Dept. of Health Education and Welfare (DHEW\/NIOSH Pub. No.76\u2013185)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00380601"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198312223092503"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.79.3.340"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.7721231"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1954.02950030026009"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.7721239","article-title":"Metabolism of trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene in human subjects","volume":"21","author":"Ikeda M","year":"1977","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","volume-title":"IFI Equipment and Plant Operations Survey.","author":"IFI","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(66)90038-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(67)90134-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0773.1963.tb01714.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0773.1965.tb01833.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00380609"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/33.2.297","article-title":"Proteinuria in health and disease assessed by measuring the urinary proteinkreatinine ratio","volume":"33","author":"Lemann J","year":"1987","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS11350J"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1946","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/29.11.1946","article-title":"Evaluation of the Coomassie Brilliant Blue G\u2010250 method for urinary protein","volume":"29","author":"Lott JA","year":"1983","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15563657908989895"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1966.03110080102037","article-title":"Liver disease secondary to tetrachloroethylene exposure","volume":"197","author":"Meckler LC","year":"1966","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"Applied Linear Regression Models.","author":"Neter J","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00378352"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-483X(82)90092-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","first-page":"567","article-title":"Vapor toxicity of tetrachloroethylene for laboratory animals and human subjects","volume":"5","author":"Rowe VK","year":"1952","journal-title":"Arch Ind Hyg Occup Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","first-page":"2359","article-title":"Accidental exposure to perchloroethylene","volume":"67","author":"Saland G","year":"1967","journal-title":"NY State J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/32.1.202a","article-title":"Immunoturbidimetric determination of urinary albumin with a centrifugal analyzer","volume":"32","author":"Sathianathan P","year":"1986","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15298669091370112"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00039896.1970.10665578"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","first-page":"516","article-title":"Human exposure to tetrachloroethylene vapor","volume":"1","author":"Stewart RD","year":"1981","journal-title":"Arch Environ Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","volume-title":"Environmental Health Criteria 31. Tetrachloroethylene.","author":"WHO","year":"1984"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Industrial Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fajim.4700200504","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ajim.4700200504","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,23]],"date-time":"2023-10-23T18:17:45Z","timestamp":1698085065000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ajim.4700200504"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1991,1]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ajim.4700200504"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajim.4700200504","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0271-3586","1097-0274"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0271-3586","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0274","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1991,1]]}}}