{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T10:06:33Z","timestamp":1771236393552,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,19]],"date-time":"2007-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1169164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5497,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Industrial Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred fifty\u2010two workers who had been exposed to different levels of cadmium (Cd) absorption (blood Cd mean 16.34 \u03bcg\/L, median 11.0 \u03bcg\/L) in a factory making nickel\u2010cadmium batteries were studied. A physical evaluation, as well as blood and urine cadmium and N\u2010acetyl\u2010\u03b2\u2010D\u2010glucosaminidase (NAG), and other routine laboratory tests were performed in order to assess the relationship between different levels of exposure to occupational cadmium and potential cadmium\u2010induced renal damage and other adverse health effects. We found significant correlation between levels of cadmium exposure and a selected group of symptoms and signs. The best predictor of this group of symptoms and signs was an indicator called <jats:italic>internal dose index<\/jats:italic> (Cd \u00d7 exposure time). This indicator appears as the strongest, even after control by confounding factors, such as age and smoking. It is concluded that this index can be used for biological monitoring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.4700210408","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,19]],"date-time":"2007-04-19T14:29:54Z","timestamp":1176992994000},"page":"527-537","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Adverse health effects in workers exposed to cadmium"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Ernesto","family":"Kahan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Estela","family":"Derazne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Rosenboim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruth","family":"Ashkenazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Ribak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"65","volume-title":"Toxic Metals and Their Analysis","author":"Berman E","year":"1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"165","article-title":"Renal tubular function of workers exposed to low levels of cadmium","volume":"46","author":"Chia KS","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00383755"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-70553-3_9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","first-page":"355","volume-title":"Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals","author":"Friberg L","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00039896.1988.9935831"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00377920"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"52","article-title":"Cadmium, NAG activity, and beta\u20102\u2010microglobulin in the urine of cadmium pigment workers","volume":"46","author":"Kawada T","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5271\/sjweh.1929"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","first-page":"67","article-title":"Cadmium\u2010induced renal damage: Fact and fiction","volume":"3","author":"Klooker P","year":"1986","journal-title":"Trace Elements Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-4274(89)90113-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(84)90847-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Occupational Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards","author":"NIOSH\u2010OSHA","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","first-page":"235","volume-title":"Cadmium","author":"Piscator M","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","first-page":"609","article-title":"Analysis of mortality from nephritis and nephrosis among nickel\u2010cadmium battery workers","volume":"25","author":"Sorahan T","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Occup Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","first-page":"689","article-title":"Nephropathy in cadmium workers: Assessment of risk from airborne occupational exposure to cadmium","volume":"46","author":"Thun MJ","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"Recommended health\u2010based limits in occupational exposure to heavy metals","author":"WHO","year":"1980"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Industrial Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fajim.4700210408","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ajim.4700210408","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,28]],"date-time":"2023-09-28T01:00:12Z","timestamp":1695862812000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ajim.4700210408"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1992,1]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ajim.4700210408"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajim.4700210408","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0271-3586","1097-0274"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0271-3586","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0274","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1992,1]]}}}