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Bitumens are chemically different from many carcinogenic coal\u2010tar based materials. Both have been employed in road paving and waterproofing. We examined and combined the results of the epidemiologic studies conducted on asphalt workers and roofers. We examined the cancer risk separately in three broad job categories: 1) roofers (exposed to bitumen fumes and previously often to coal\u2010tar fumes); 2) highway maintenance workers (HMWs) and road pavers (exposed to bitumen fumes as well as possibly coal\u2010tar fumes previously); and 3) miscellaneous and unspecified bitumen\/asphalt workers. In roofers, an increased risk was suggested for cancers of the lung (aggregated relative risk 1.8, 95% confidence interval 1.5\u20132.1), stomach (1.7, 1.1\u20132.5), nonmelanoma skin (4.0, 0.8\u201312), and leukemia (1.7, 0.9\u20132.9). Some of the excesses may be attributable to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) from coal\u2010tar products. The aggregated relative risks in road pavers and HMWs were consistently lower than in roofers for cancers of the lung (0.9, 0.8\u20131.0), stomach (1.1, 0.8\u20131.5), bladder (1.2, 0.7\u20131.8), skin (2.2, 1.2\u20133.7), and leukemias (1.3, 0.9\u20131.8). Their risk of skin cancer was significantly increased, based on one study. Miscellaneous and unspecified workers had a significant excess (1.5, 1.2\u20131.8) of lung cancer. The data were poorly focused to address the carcinogenicity of bitumen fumes, as contrasted with tar\u2010derived exposures. For the prospect of shedding more light on the bitumen\u2010cancer controversy, the feasibility of a powerful multicenter cohort is currently being studied by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.4700260602","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,21]],"date-time":"2007-04-21T03:48:32Z","timestamp":1177127312000},"page":"721-740","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":160,"title":["Cancer risk in asphalt workers and roofers: Review and meta\u2010analysis of epidemiologic studies"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Timo","family":"Partanen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Boffetta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"49","article-title":"European hot mix asphalt production in 1992","volume":"2","year":"1993","journal-title":"Eur Asphalt Mag"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.4700150507"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19820715)50:2<364::AID-CNCR2820500234>3.0.CO;2-Q"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"571","article-title":"Lung and laryngeal cancers in relation to shipyard employment in coastal Virginia","volume":"65","author":"Blot WJ","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a113604"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","first-page":"538","article-title":"Asphalt and risk of cancer in man","volume":"48","author":"Chiazze L","year":"1991","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"CohrKH EriksenPB(1992):Mastic asphalt industry in Denmark 1939\u20131975\/1976. 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