{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T13:14:02Z","timestamp":1789478042542,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774224000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774224000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014089","name":"Workplace Safety and Insurance Board","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KENN2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KENN2023"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014089","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RGPIN\u20102020\u201003891"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGPIN\u20102020\u201003891"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Industrial Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Initial stay time (IST), the duration of continuous work before core temperature reaches 38.0\u00b0C, has been characterized in young and older adults but not across consecutive work periods or in conjunction with standard work\u2010rest cycles. We examined sex\u2010 and age\u2010specific ISTs during moderate\u2010intensity work in very warm conditions and evaluated the effectiveness of prescribed work\u2010rest cycles.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty young (18\u201330 years,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200915 females) and thirty older (50\u201369 years,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200915 females) habitually active, non\u2010heat\u2010acclimatized adults completed a 1.5\u2010day simulated work protocol while wearing coveralls (\u2009~\u20091\u2010Clo). On Day 1, participants completed morning (AM1) and afternoon (PM1) work bouts separated by a 1\u2009h lunch recovery in a cooled environment (22\u00b0C); on Day 2, a morning bout (AM2) was completed. Work consisted of treadmill walking at ~200\u2009W\u00b7m\n                      <jats:sup>\u20102<\/jats:sup>\n                      in 26\u00b0C wet\u2010bulb globe temperature until IST, followed by work\u2010rest cycles starting with a 15\u2010min rest and 45\u2009min of work, for up to 240\u2009min or volitional fatigue.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>IST was shorter in PM1 than AM1 but did not differ between mornings. Females reached 38.0\u00b0C faster than males, with older females showing the shortest IST. Work\u2010rest cycles maintained mean rectal temperature \u226438.3\u00b0C in &gt;90% of bouts, with no sex\u2010 or age\u2010related differences in cumulative time above 38.0\u00b0C. Cardiovascular strain was higher during PM1, while perceptual measures did not reliably track physiological strain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Continuous work to IST was reduced during afternoon work following morning work but was restored the next morning across sex and age groups. When applied after IST, prescribed work\u2010rest cycles effectively maintained core temperature near safety limits. These findings highlight the need to consider work timing and worker characteristics when planning work in hot environments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.70076","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T03:43:21Z","timestamp":1774323801000},"page":"431-445","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Assessment of Initial Stay Time and Work\u2010Rest Scheduling Over Consecutive Moderate\u2010Intensity Workdays in Hot Environments in Young and Older Males and Females"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"69","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8683-6973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Glen P.","family":"Kenny","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Human Kinetics, Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Institute of the Environment University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Clinical Epidemiological Program at the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katie E.","family":"Wagar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Human Kinetics, Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto C.","family":"Harris\u2010Mostert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Human Kinetics, Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristina\u2010Marie T.","family":"Janetos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Human Kinetics, Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James J.","family":"McCormick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Human Kinetics, Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelli E.","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Human Kinetics, Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonidas G.","family":"Ioannou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Automatics, Biocybernetics and Robotics Jo\u017eef Stefan Institute Ljubljana Slovenia"},{"name":"Medical School University of Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald J.","family":"Sigal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Human Kinetics, Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Department of Cardiac Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W. 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