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Facial abnormalities comprise clefts and distortion and dislocation of craniofacial structures; limbs show various combinations of amputation, secondary syndactyly, and constriction. From previous reports and our cases it is obvious that the clinical picture of the ADAM complex varies enormously; a less severe type combines cleft lip and palate with amputations or amniotic bands. Clinical and experimental data suggest that these malformations are of symptomatic (exogenous) origin. Nosologic differentation from other conditions phenotypically similar but of genetic etiology is important for genetic counseling. Observation of the ADAM complex in two members of a family suggests that genetic factors might operate in some cases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320020108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,11]],"date-time":"2005-06-11T13:28:41Z","timestamp":1118496521000},"page":"81-98","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["\u201cADAM complex\u201d (amniotic deformity, adhesions, mutilations)\u2014A pattern of craniofacial and limb defects"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"H.","family":"Keller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Neuhauser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. V.","family":"Durkin\u2010Stamm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. 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