{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T21:02:05Z","timestamp":1770152525314,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,5]],"date-time":"2005-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1117929600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5603,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Am. J. Med. Genet."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT)\u2010deficient male embryos derived from heterozygous (carrier) female mice were diagnosed by biochemical microassay of X\u2010chromosome\u2010coded HPRT activity in a single cell taken from the 8\u2010cell embryo or in 5\u201310 cells sampled from the blastocyst. In the latter procedure, carrier female blastocysts could also be distinguished from affected males, and normal males and females, as having intermediate HPRT activity in the sampled trophectoderm cells.<\/jats:p><jats:p>During the assay procedures, the operated preimplantation embryos were cultured. They were then transferred, in batches as diagnosed, to recipient females. The resulting fetuses were sexed by gonad morphology and assayed for HPRT activity. All those identified as HPRT\u2010negative embryos by biopsy at the 8\u2010cell or blastocyst stages were indeed HPRT\u2010negative males. The heterozygous females were also correctly identified by the trophectoderm biopsy procedure.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The sex of an embryo can also be diagnosed by HPRT activity dosage in a single blastomere taken from 8\u2010cell embryos from a normal mating and cultured for 12 hours before assay. Both X chromosomes are active in female morulae and the blastomeres sampled from female preimplantation embryos have twice the X\u2010coded HPRT activity compared to those from the male embryos. The accuracy of this procedure for sexing was again verified by transfer of the putative male and putative female embryos into recipient females.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The diagnoses of HPRT deficiency or sex in the biopsied samples from preimplantation embryos were sufficiently rapid so that freezing of the embryos before transfer was not necessary.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320350212","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,12]],"date-time":"2005-06-12T03:39:08Z","timestamp":1118547548000},"page":"201-205","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Preimplantation sexing and diagnosis of hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase deficiency in mice by biochemical microassay"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Marilyn","family":"Monk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alan","family":"Handyside","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Audrey","family":"Muggleton\u2010Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Whittingham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(85)90116-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"127","article-title":"Preferential paternal X inactivation in extra\u2010embryonic tissues of early mouse embryos","volume":"67","author":"Harper M","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Embryol Exp Morphol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"15","article-title":"Evidence for translation of HPRT enzyme on maternal mRNA in early mouse embryos","volume":"74","author":"Harper M","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Embryol Exp Morphol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/326292a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/274503a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(64)90104-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"Mammalian Development\u2014A Practical Approach","author":"Monk M","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.950080603"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0820365"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(87)90959-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","first-page":"53","article-title":"X\u2010chromosome activity in preimplantation mouse embryos from XX and XO mothers","volume":"46","author":"Monk M","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Embryol Exp Morphol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a136711","article-title":"Preimplantation diagnosis of HPRT\u2010deficient male and carrier female mouse embryos by trophectoderm biopsy","volume":"3","author":"Monk M","year":"1988","journal-title":"Human Reprod"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.66.2.263"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.me.24.020173.000353"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/313689a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.155.3770.1682"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(77)90151-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Culture of mouse ova","volume":"14","author":"Whittingham DG","year":"1971","journal-title":"J Reprod Fertil"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Medical Genetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fajmg.1320350212","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ajmg.1320350212","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,23]],"date-time":"2023-10-23T00:29:43Z","timestamp":1698020983000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ajmg.1320350212"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1990,2]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ajmg.1320350212"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajmg.1320350212","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0148-7299","1096-8628"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0148-7299","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-8628","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1990,2]]}}}