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The former appears to be about twice as common as the latter with well\u2010documented autosomal dominant and recessive occurrences in both conditions. Only 1 AD occurrence of POADS is known, but 5 sets of sibs are suggestive of AR inheritance. Heterogeneity of apparently nonsyndromal AFD of both types is powerful support for the hypothesis that the AFDs are polytopic field defects arising during blastogenesis. Six other previously described forms of AFD include the AFD syndrome of Kelly et al. (AR), the Rodr\u00edguez or Madrid form of AFD (AR or XLR), the Reynolds or Idaho form of AFD (AD), the Arens or Tel Aviv type of AFD (AF?), the presumed AR AFD syndrome of Richieri\u2010Costa et al., and the AD Patterson\u2013Stevenson\u2013Fontaine syndrome. Here we review the AFDs and report on a previously apparently undescribed autosomal or X\u2010linked dominant form of AFD with mental retardation in a Sicilian mother and her 4 sons. \u00a9 1993 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320470517","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,11]],"date-time":"2005-06-11T17:06:35Z","timestamp":1118509595000},"page":"660-678","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Acrofacial dysostoses: Review and report of a previously undescribed condition: The autosomal or X\u2010linked dominant catania form of acrofacial dysostosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"John M.","family":"Opitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Florindo","family":"Mollica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Sorge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriella","family":"Milana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriella","family":"Cimino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Caltabiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"A Survey of Living Primates and their Anatomy","author":"Ankel\u2010Simons F","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"Birch\u2010JensenA(1949):Congenital deformities of the upper extremities. 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