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There are several naturally occurring mutations in the 5\u2010HT signaling pathway that may underlie differences in 5\u2010HT function and responsivity to drugs that affect 5\u2010HT functioning. In the present study, we examined the relationship between polymorphisms in the promoter region of the gene coding for the neuronal 5\u2010HT transporter, fenfluramine\u2010induced prolactin release, and aggressive impulsivity (as measured by Barratt Impulsivity Scale, Buss\u2010Durkee Hostility Inventory, and Brown\u2010Goodwin Aggression Scale scores), in a group of abstinent alcoholic patients and healthy volunteers. We report here that possession of the short variant of the 5\u2010HT transporter promoter polymorphism was associated with a blunting of overall central 5\u2010HT function, as measured by fenfluramine\u2010induced prolactin release. We found no relationship between aggressive, hostile, or impulsive traits and fenfluramine\u2010induced prolactin release or between these traits and polymorphisms in the 5\u2010HT transporter promoter. Thus, we have shown that a 5\u2010HT transporter promoter genotype, which has previously been associated with anxiety\u2010based behaviors, alters an in vivo measure of central 5\u2010HT function (fenfluramine\u2010induced prolactin release), providing an important mechanism for linkage between a gene, physiological function, and behavior. 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