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This French case\u2010control study covered: 77 women aged 17\u201342 years sampled prior to elective abortion for a severe NTDs (cases) and 61 women aged 20\u201343 years with a normal pregnancy. Plasma and erythrocyte folate, plasma B6, B12 and Hcy were tested as five polymorphisms <jats:italic>MTHFR<\/jats:italic> 677 C\u2009\u2192\u2009T<jats:italic>, MTHFR<\/jats:italic> 1298 A\u2009\u2192\u2009C<jats:italic>, MTR<\/jats:italic> 2756 A\u2009\u2192\u2009G<jats:italic>, MTTR<\/jats:italic> 66 A\u2009\u2192\u2009G and <jats:italic>TCN2<\/jats:italic> 776 C\u2009\u2192\u2009G. Cases had significantly lower erythrocyte folate, plasma folate, B12 and B6 concentrations than the controls, and higher Hcy concentration. The odds ratio was 2.15 (95% CI: 1.00\u20134.59) for women with the <jats:italic>MTRR<\/jats:italic> 66 A\u2009\u2192\u2009G allele and it was decreased for mothers carrying the <jats:italic>MTHFR 1298<\/jats:italic> A\u2009\u2192\u2009C allele. In multivariate analysis, only the erythrocyte folate concentration (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005) and plasma B6 concentration (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.020) were predictors. Red cell folate is the main determinant of NTDs in France. Folic acid supplement or flour fortification would prevent most cases. Increased consumption of vitamins B12 and B6 could contribute to the prevention of NTDs. Genetic polymorphisms played only a small role. Until folic acid fortification becomes mandatory, all women of reproductive age should consume folic acid in a multivitamin that also contains B12 and B6. \u00a9 2008 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.32199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,3]],"date-time":"2008-04-03T21:17:50Z","timestamp":1207257470000},"page":"1128-1133","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Nutritional and genetic determinants of vitamin B and homocysteine metabolisms in neural tube defects: A multicenter case\u2013control 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