{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T15:43:51Z","timestamp":1775058231219,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,16]],"date-time":"2009-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1253059200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J of Med Genetics Pt A"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The fragile X mutation is an expansion of a CGG triplet repeat in the 5\u2032 untranslated region of the FMR1 gene. Expansion to &gt;200 repeats (the \u201cfull mutation\u201d) silences FMR1 transcription and leads to the fragile X mental retardation syndrome in males and in some females. It also affects the structure of the mitotic chromosome as evidenced by a folate sensitive fragile site. Isolated cases of 45,X\/46,XX (mosaic Turner syndrome) in full mutation females have been reported but an increased prevalence was not apparent from these reports. PCR and Southern analysis of the CGG repeat in 423 prenatal female samples identified 106 full mutation cases. Surprisingly five of these had 45,X\/4,6XX mosaicism while none of the other 317 female fetuses did. In two of the five cases \u226550% of the cells were reported to be 45,X and in the other three, \u226414%. We investigated the association of the full mutation and mosaic Turner syndrome using polymorphisms and single cell cloning to identify the X chromosome that was lost. Our analysis indicates that at least four of the five full mutation mosaicism cases were due to loss of the maternal, full mutation chromosome. These data indicate that 45,X\/46,XX mosaicism is much more common than expected in fragile X full mutation females. Moreover, they suggest that the presence of the fragile X full mutation on a chromosome may predispose it to loss during mitosis, possibly due to the altered structure of the metaphase fragile X chromosome. \u00a9 2009 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.33011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,17]],"date-time":"2009-09-17T01:37:12Z","timestamp":1253151432000},"page":"2152-2157","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Fragile X prenatal analyses show full mutation females at high risk for mosaic Turner syndrome: Fragile X leads to chromosome loss"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"149A","author":[{"given":"Carl","family":"Dobkin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Radu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao\u2010Hua","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W. Ted","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah L.","family":"Nolin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00125817-200109000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.genet.41.042007.165900"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2006411"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00289473"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1675488"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.34.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0471142905.hg0905s38"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.252.5009.1097"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.28.12.830"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320510443"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","first-page":"407","article-title":"Large domains of apparent delayed replication timing associated with triplet repeat expansion at FRAXA and FRAXE","volume":"59","author":"Subramanian PS","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.877551"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra030360"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","first-page":"209","article-title":"Identification by molecular diagnosis of mosaic Turner's syndrome in an obligate carrier female for fragile X syndrome","volume":"26","author":"Tejada MI","year":"1994","journal-title":"Birth Defects Orig Artic Ser"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8628(19960712)64:1<196::AID-AJMG35>3.0.CO;2-G"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.10506"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(91)90397-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2005.07.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","first-page":"261","volume-title":"Human embryonic and fetal death","author":"Warburton D","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.10.3856"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0223(200010)20:10<854::AID-PD928>3.0.CO;2-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320320417"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fajmg.a.33011","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ajmg.a.33011","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]],"date-time":"2023-10-11T20:20:12Z","timestamp":1697055612000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ajmg.a.33011"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,24]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ajmg.a.33011"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajmg.a.33011","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1552-4825","1552-4833"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1552-4825","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-4833","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,24]]}}}