{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T19:46:41Z","timestamp":1760730401706},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,20]],"date-time":"2012-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1353369600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J of Med Genetics Pt A"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pallister\u2013Killian syndrome (PKS) is a congenital disorder attributed to supernumerary isochromosome 12p mosaicism. Craniofacial dysmorphism, learning impairment and seizures are considered cardinal features. However, little is known regarding the seizure and epilepsy patterns in PKS. To better define the prevalence and spectrum of seizures in PKS, we studied 51 patients (39 male, 12 female; median age 4 years and 9 months; age range 7 months to 31 years) with confirmed 12p tetrasomy. Using a parent\u2010based structured questionnaire, we collected data regarding seizure onset, frequency, timing, semiology, and medication therapy. Patients were recruited through our practice, at PKS Kids family events, and via the PKS Kids website. Epilepsy occurred in 27 (53%) with 23 (85%) of those with seizures having seizure onset prior to 3.5 years of age. Mean age at seizure onset was 2 years and 4 months. The most common seizure types were myoclonic (15\/27, 56%), generalized convulsions (13\/27, 48%), and clustered tonic spasms (similar to infantile spasms; 8\/27, 30%). Thirteen of 27 patients with seizures (48%) had more than one seizure type with 26 out of 27 (96%) ever having taken antiepileptic medications. Nineteen of 27 (70%) continued to have seizures and 17\/27 (63%) remained on antiepileptic medication. The most commonly used medications were: levetiracetam (10\/27, 37%), valproic acid (10\/27, 37%), and topiramate (9\/27, 33%) with levetiracetam felt to be \u201cmost helpful\u201d by parents (6\/27, 22%). Further exploration of seizure timing, in\u2010depth analysis of EEG recordings, and collection of MRI data to rule out confounding factors is warranted. \u00a9 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.35567","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,20]],"date-time":"2012-11-20T19:46:25Z","timestamp":1353440785000},"page":"3026-3032","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Seizure characteristics in Pallister\u2013Killian syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"158A","author":[{"given":"Meghan S.","family":"Candee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John C.","family":"Carey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ian D.","family":"Krantz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francis 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