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Over half of individuals affected with arthrogryposis demonstrated asymmetry and some responded to removal of constraint, 29 of the 33 cases of arthrogryposis whose mother had a uterine structural anomaly could be identified as having a specific recognizable type of arthrogryposis. Only two cases (0.08%) had primarily proximal contractures that returned to almost normal function within 1 year. Craniofacial asymmetry was the most striking finding in these two cases. A quarter of cases had ruptured membranes between 32 and 36 weeks and either oligohydramnios or prematurity. The pregnancy histories of the mothers with uterine structural anomalies were typical in having infertility, multiple miscarriages, and stillbirths. The finding of only two cases which are likely to have multiple congenital contractures on the basis of uterine constraint suggests that it is a very rare primary cause of arthrogryposis. \u00a9 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.35683","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,14]],"date-time":"2012-12-14T05:17:28Z","timestamp":1355462248000},"page":"82-88","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Uterine structural anomalies and arthrogryposis\u2014death of an urban legend"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"161","author":[{"given":"Judith G.","family":"Hall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(84)90375-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000173987.59595.e2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(02)03163-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-007-0323-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","first-page":"28","article-title":"The incidence of asymptomatic uterine anomalies in women undergoing transcervical tubal sterilization","volume":"72","author":"Ashton D","year":"1988","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","first-page":"213","article-title":"Twin pregnancy in the horns of a bicornuate uterus after in vitro fertilization and split embryo transfer: A case report","volume":"50","author":"Aruh I","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a019096"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.7551"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(84)80481-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2004.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-8628(20000904)94:1<9::AID-AJMG3>3.0.CO;2-H"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1990.tb02549.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1726-4901(09)70089-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/15513818409022262"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"A retrospective study of pregnancy complications among 828 cases of arthrogryposis","volume":"1","author":"Fahy MJ","year":"1990","journal-title":"Genet Couns"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(56)90784-0","article-title":"Pregnancy in the bicornuate uterus","volume":"72","author":"Falls FH","year":"1956","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.30682"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2008.05.086"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","first-page":"233","article-title":"Obstetric outcome in women with congenital uterine malformations","volume":"37","author":"Golan A","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(80)80640-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.1870070412"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/7.2.161"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmig.2009.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01202412-199707000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","volume-title":"Emery and Rimoin's principles and practice of medical genetics, 6e","author":"Hall JG","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320150407"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320110208"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320150408"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-3804(05)80221-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","first-page":"56S","article-title":"First\u2010trimester rudimentary horn pregnancy: Prerupture ultrasound diagnosis","volume":"61","author":"Holden R","year":"1983","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.4976.1144"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000161321.94364.56"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)45669-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)33965-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.1870080411"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_37_1","first-page":"233","article-title":"Nonisthmic communicating uteri. 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