{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,26]],"date-time":"2026-04-26T06:31:22Z","timestamp":1777185082245,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,15]],"date-time":"2013-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1376524800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J of Med Genetics Pt A"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Congenital heart defect (CHD) cases have been evaluated together as a group in some previous epidemiological studies. However, different CHD entities have different etiologies, and the underlying causes are unclear in the vast majority of patients. Thus the aim of this study was to analyze the possible association of different maternal diseases with the risk of four types of conotruncal defects (CTD), that is, truncus arteriosus, d\u2010transposition of the great arteries, tetralogy of Fallot, and double\u2010outlet right ventricle based on autopsy or surgical report diagnosis. Acute and chronic diseases with related drug treatments and peri\u2010conceptual folic acid or multivitamin supplementations were compared in mothers of 598 CTD cases, of 902 matched controls, and 38,151 population controls without any defects, and with 20,896 malformed controls with other isolated non\u2010cardiac defects in the population\u2010based large dataset of the Hungarian Case\u2013Control Surveillance of Congenital Abnormalities. Mothers who had medically recorded influenza and the common cold with secondary complications in the prenatal maternity logbook during the second and\/or third gestational months were associated with a higher risk of CTD (OR with 95% CI: 2.22, 1.19\u20133.88). The common denominator of these maternal diseases may be high fever, which could be prevented by antifever therapies. On the other hand, high doses of medically recorded folic acid in early pregnancy were able to reduce the birth prevalence of CTD (OR with 95% CI: 0.54, 0.39\u20130.73), and this reduction was significant in transposition of the great arteries (0.46, 0.29\u20130.71) as well. In conclusion, high fever related maternal diseases may have a role in the origin of CTD, while high doses of folic acid in early pregnancy were able to reduce of CTD, particularly transposition of great vessels. \u00a9 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.36118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,16]],"date-time":"2013-08-16T03:30:41Z","timestamp":1376623841000},"page":"2444-2452","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Risk and protective factors in the origin of conotruncal defects of heart\u2014a population\u2010based case\u2013control study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"161","author":[{"given":"Melinda","family":"Cs\u00e1ky\u2010Szunyogh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hungarian Congenital Abnormality Registry National Institute for Health Development Budapest 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