{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:24:44Z","timestamp":1782779084900,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,11]],"date-time":"2014-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1415664000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J of Med Genetics Pt A"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Prader\u2013Willi syndrome (PWS) is a neuro\u2010genetic disorder caused by the absence\/loss of expression of one or more paternally expressed genes on chromosome 15 (q11\u201313). In this study, a comparative analysis of intelligence level and autistic traits was conducted between children with PWS (n\u2009=\u200930; 18 males, 12 females; age\u2009=\u200910.6\u2009\u00b1\u20092.8 years) and those with Asperger disorder (AD; n\u2009=\u200931; 24 males, 7 females; age\u2009=\u200910.5\u2009\u00b1\u20093.1 years). The children were compared by age group: lower elementary school age (6\u20138 years), upper elementary school age (9\u201312 years), and middle school age (13\u201315 years). As results, the intelligence levels of children with PWS were significantly lower than those with AD across all age groups. Autistic traits, assessed using the Pervasive Developmental Disorders Autism Society Japan Rating Scale (PARS), revealed that among elementary school age children, those with PWS had less prominent autistic traits than those with AD, however, among middle school age children, those with PWS and AD showed similar prominence. An analysis of the PARS subscale scores by age group showed that while the profiles of autistic traits for children with PWS differed from those of children with AD at elementary school age, the profiles showed no significant differences between the groups at middle school age. The findings suggest that autistic traits in PWS become gradually more prominent with increasing of age and that these autistic traits differ in their fundamental nature from those observed in AD. \u00a9 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.36787","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,11]],"date-time":"2014-11-11T16:09:39Z","timestamp":1415722179000},"page":"64-68","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Comparative analysis of autistic traits and behavioral disorders in Prader\u2013Willi syndrome and Asperger disorder"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"167","author":[{"given":"Dae Kwang","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Dokkyo Medical University, School of Medicine Tochigi Japan"},{"name":"Hannan Hospital Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masayuki","family":"Sawada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hannan Hospital Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shingo","family":"Yokota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hannan Hospital Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Kuroda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hannan Hospital Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Uenishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Psychology Counseling Room Kansai University Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsufumi","family":"Kanazawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry Osaka Medical College Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Ogata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Dokkyo Medical University, Koshigaya Hospital Saitama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Ihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Dokkyo Medical University, Koshigaya Hospital Saitama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshiro","family":"Nagai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Dokkyo Medical University, Koshigaya Hospital Saitama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazutaka","family":"Shimoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Dokkyo Medical University, School of Medicine Tochigi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.31235"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-007-0086-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2005.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1996.tb01496.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2788.2005.00726.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.braindev.2007.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.91.2.398"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","first-page":"495","article-title":"Reliability and validity of the pervasive developmental disorder (PDD)\u2010autism society Japan rating scale (PARS): A behavior checklist for adolescents and adults with PDDs","volume":"48","author":"Kamio Y","year":"2006","journal-title":"Seishinigaku"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.genom.2.1.153"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","unstructured":"PraderA LabhartA WilliH FanconiG.Ein Syndrom von Adipositas Kleinwuchs Kryptorchismus und Idiotie bei Kindern und Erwachsenen die als Neugeborene ein myatonie\u2010artiges Bild geboten haben; 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