{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,4]],"date-time":"2025-10-04T12:28:22Z","timestamp":1759580902090},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,30]],"date-time":"2016-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1459296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003053","name":"Alberta Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J of Med Genetics Pt A"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label \/><jats:p>After the thalidomide epidemic in the early 1960s, many jurisdictions developed congenital anomaly surveillance systems. Congenital limb deficiencies can act as indicators of potential teratogens. The classification of congenital limb deficiencies is essential to determine the precise cause or causes of this anomaly. This article describes the different terminology and classification that have been used over time and the need for a consensus. While there are a variety of studies examining the epidemiology and etiology of congenital limb deficiencies, there is an inconsistent use of terminology and classification which makes comparisons between studies challenging. \u00a9 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.37608","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,31]],"date-time":"2016-03-31T00:22:24Z","timestamp":1459383744000},"page":"1400-1404","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Congenital limb deficiency classification and nomenclature: The need for a consensus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"170","author":[{"given":"Robert Brian","family":"Lowry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Alberta Congenital Anomalies Surveillance System, Surveillance and Assessment Branch, Alberta Health Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics and Medical Genetics University of Calgary and Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary Alberta Canada"},{"name":"Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tanya","family":"Bedard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alberta Congenital Anomalies Surveillance System, Surveillance and Assessment Branch, Alberta Health Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/11.3.239"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.37240"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","first-page":"24","article-title":"Nomenclature for congenital skeletal limb deficiencies, a revision of the Frantz and O'Rahilly classification","volume":"10","author":"Burtch RL","year":"1966","journal-title":"Artif Limbs"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.27.6.353"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.32506"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","first-page":"229","article-title":"Birth prevalence of different congenital limb deficiency types in a revised population based Hungarian material, 1975\u20131984","volume":"39","author":"Czeizel A","year":"1991","journal-title":"Acta Morphol Hung"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddg090"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.11.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.36952"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","volume-title":"EUROCAT Guide 3 (2nd Ed) for the description and classification of congenital limb defects","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320490111"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-196143080-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8628(19961230)66:4<471::AID-AJMG18>3.0.CO;2-R"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320440611"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420390205"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.33999"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The proposed international terminology for the classification of congenital limb deficiencies","volume":"34","author":"Kay HW","year":"1975","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tera.1420470205"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20738"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","unstructured":"National Birth Defects Preventative Network (NBDPN).2015. Guidelines for Conducting Birth Defects Surveillance. Appendix 3.1 pp 52\u201354."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","unstructured":"O' RahillyR.1969. The nomenclature and classification of limb anomalies. Birth defects: Orig Art Ser. V (3).14\u201317."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","volume-title":"Limb deficiencies, chapter 20, pg 839, in human malformations and related anamolies","author":"Stevenson RE","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","first-page":"99","article-title":"A study on limb reduction defects in six European regions","volume":"39","author":"Stoll C","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ann G\u00e9n\u00e9t"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8628(19980605)77:5<439::AID-AJMG16>3.0.CO;2-J"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(76)80021-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","unstructured":"TemtamySA McKusickVA.1978. The genetics of hand malformations split\u2010hand\/split\u2010foot deformity. Birth defects: Original article series XIV #3. Chapter 4 pp53\u201371."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.03.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjog.2014.01.006"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fajmg.a.37608","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ajmg.a.37608","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,6]],"date-time":"2023-10-06T09:49:10Z","timestamp":1696585750000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ajmg.a.37608"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,30]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ajmg.a.37608"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajmg.a.37608","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1552-4825","1552-4833"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1552-4825","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-4833","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,30]]}}}