{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T11:46:56Z","timestamp":1759837616173},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,2]],"date-time":"2016-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1464825600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J of Med Genetics Pt A"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label \/><jats:p>Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) comprise a range of physical differences and neurologic deficits from prenatal alcohol exposure. Previous studies suggest that relative maxillary growth deficiency can accompany FASD. Using the Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Epidemiologic Research (FASER) database, we investigated how maxillary and mandibular arcs and the ratio between them differ between FASD and non\u2010FASD individuals. First, we established normative values for maxillary and mandibular arcs and maxillary\u2010to\u2010mandibular arc ratio. In our control group (545 males, 436 females), mean maxillary and mandibular arcs for males\/females were 24.98\/24.52\u2009cm and 25.91\/25.35\u2009cm, respectively. The ratio was 0.9643 and 0.9676 for males and females, respectively. We then evaluated the effect of microcephaly, short stature, and low weight (&lt;10th centile), individually on arcs in controls. Generally, arcs were reduced significantly but the ratio did not differ. We compared our controls to 138 male and 135 female FASD cases. We noted a significant difference in arcs in male and female groups, but not the ratio. We compared non\u2010FAS controls with reduced growth parameters to similar cases with FASD. We did not find a significant difference in arc or ratio measurements. Therefore, we conclude the effect of prenatal alcohol exposure on maxillary and mandibular arc measurements is primarily on overall facial growth and less on asymmetric growth of the maxilla relative to the mandible, at least using this technique. \u00a9 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.37656","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,2]],"date-time":"2016-06-02T13:21:41Z","timestamp":1464873701000},"page":"1763-1771","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders and assessment of maxillary and mandibular arc measurements"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"170","author":[{"given":"Katherine","family":"Abell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson Mississippi"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Warren","family":"May","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Related Professions University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson Mississippi"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip A.","family":"May","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse, and Addictions University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico"},{"name":"Nutrition Research Institute University of North Carolina Chapel Hill North Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wendy","family":"Kalberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse, and Addictions University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H. Eugene","family":"Hoyme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Sanford Research and the University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine Sioux Falls South Dakota"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luther K.","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics State University of New York at Buffalo Buffalo New York"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melanie","family":"Manning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Medical Genetics Stanford University Stanford California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenneth Lyons","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics University of California San Diego California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Omar","family":"Abdul\u2010Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson Mississippi"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-5217-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(96)70187-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.127.8.1671"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1996.tb01948.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(82)80350-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(89)90165-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","first-page":"175","article-title":"Mechanisms of alcohol\u2010induced damage to the developing nervous system","volume":"25","author":"Goodlett CR","year":"2001","journal-title":"Alcohol Res Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-0259"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","first-page":"701","article-title":"Diagnosis of fetal alcohol syndrome","volume":"110","author":"Landgraf MN","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0043067"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","first-page":"159","article-title":"Estimating the prevalence of fetal alcohol syndrome: A summary","volume":"25","author":"May PA","year":"2001","journal-title":"Alcohol Res Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2006.11.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ddrr.68"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-3319"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.10197"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cji110"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","first-page":"841","article-title":"Oral findings of fetal alcohol syndrome patients","volume":"50","author":"Riekman GA","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Can Dent Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9926(199711)56:5<317::AID-TERA5>3.0.CO;2-U","article-title":"Incidence of fetal alcohol syndrome and prevalence of alcohol\u2010related neurodevelopmental disorder","volume":"56","author":"Sampson PD","year":"1997","journal-title":"Teratology"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2013.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2013.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","first-page":"4","volume-title":"Fetal alcohol syndrome: Diagnosis, epidemiology, prevention, and treatment","author":"Stratton K","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15353702-0323006-04"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-1371"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fajmg.a.37656","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ajmg.a.37656","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T23:19:02Z","timestamp":1696547942000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ajmg.a.37656"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,2]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ajmg.a.37656"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajmg.a.37656","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1552-4825","1552-4833"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1552-4825","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-4833","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,2]]}}}