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Thirteen participants (10 males) aged 4\u201351\u2009years were seen for neuropsychological screening. Eight had autosomal\u2010dominant RS (<jats:italic>DVL1, n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20095; <jats:italic>WNT5A<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20093), four had autosomal\u2010recessive RS (<jats:italic>NXN, n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20092; <jats:italic>ROR2, n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20092), and one had a mutation on an RS candidate gene (<jats:italic>GPC4<\/jats:italic>). Participants completed measures of intellectual, fine\u2010motor, adaptive, executive, and psychological functioning. Findings indicated generally average intellectual functioning and low\u2010average visuomotor skills. Adaptive functioning was average in autosomal\u2010recessive RS (RRS) but low average in autosomal\u2010dominant RS (DRS). Parent\u2010report indicated executive dysfunction and attention problems in 4\/8 children, 3\/4 of whom had a <jats:italic>DVL1<\/jats:italic> variant; adult self\u2010report did not indicate similar difficulties. Learning disabilities were also reported in 4\/8 individuals with DRS, 3\/4 of whom had a <jats:italic>DVL1<\/jats:italic> variant. Peer problems were reported for a majority of participants, many of whom also reported emotional concerns. Altogether, the findings indicate average neurocognitive functioning in RRS. In contrast, DRS, especially <jats:italic>DVL1<\/jats:italic> pathogenic alleles, may confer specific risk for neurodevelopmental disability.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.61854","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,21]],"date-time":"2020-09-21T10:36:40Z","timestamp":1600684600000},"page":"3576-3583","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Neurocognitive, adaptive, and psychosocial functioning in individuals with Robinow syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"185","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4461-0914","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David D.","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Psychology, Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1004-167X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel H.","family":"Fein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Psychology, Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2090-298X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia M. 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