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Robin sequence can be associated with other medical or developmental comorbidities in ~50% of cases (\u201csyndromic\u201d RS). As well, RS is variably associated with cleft palate (CP). Previous studies have not investigated differences in clinical characteristics of children with RS based on presence or absence of CP. We retrospectively reviewed 175 children with RS and compared genetic diagnoses, medical and developmental comorbidities, severity of airway obstruction, and feeding outcomes between those with and without CP. Strikingly, 45 of 45 (100%) children with RS without CP were classified as syndromic due to presence of comorbidities unrelated to RS, while 83 of 130 (64%) children with RS with CP were classified as syndromic. Among 128 children with syndromic RS, there were no differences in severity of airway obstruction, surgical intervention rate or type, or feeding outcome at 12\u2009months based on CP status. Our findings support the conclusion that the pathogenesis of RS without CP is distinct from RS with CP and more likely to cause additional medical or developmental problems. Alternatively, children with RS <jats:italic>without<\/jats:italic> CP and <jats:italic>without<\/jats:italic> additional anomalies present may be under recognized.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.62515","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]],"date-time":"2021-09-27T22:09:41Z","timestamp":1632780581000},"page":"160-177","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Robin sequence without cleft palate: Genetic diagnoses and management implications"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"188","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3991-135X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K. Nicole","family":"Weaver","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Human Genetics Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center  Cincinnati Ohio USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Cincinnati College of Medicine  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bonnie R.","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Human Genetics Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center  Cincinnati Ohio USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Cincinnati College of Medicine  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephanie A.","family":"Balow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Human Genetics Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Hopkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Human Genetics Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara A.","family":"Chini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Cincinnati College of Medicine  Cincinnati Ohio USA"},{"name":"Division of Pulmonary Medicine Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian S.","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Plastic Surgery Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center  Cincinnati Ohio USA"},{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Cincinnati College of Medicine  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rolf W.","family":"Stottmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Human Genetics Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center  Cincinnati Ohio USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Cincinnati College of Medicine  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patricia L.","family":"Bender","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Human Genetics Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Hopkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Human Genetics Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center  Cincinnati Ohio USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Cincinnati College of Medicine  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Human Genetics Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Howard M.","family":"Saal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Human Genetics Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center  Cincinnati Ohio USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Cincinnati College of Medicine  Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/10-100"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.37154"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599811421598"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2016.0796"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2012.12.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2005.10.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2015.06.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199307000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.37538"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2001.117784"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2011.09.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/798076"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2016.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2012-302104"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","volume-title":"GeneReviews([R])","author":"Robin N. 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