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Furthermore, learning and attention problems, as well as deficits in adaptive functioning, are common, often beginning in early childhood. This study aimed to describe adaptive functioning and to examine relationships between adaptive functioning and cognitive and academic variables and level of independence among adolescents and young adults (AYA) with NF1 and pNF tumors. Fifty\u2010five AYA aged 16\u201331\u2009years participated in a series of neuropsychological evaluations while parents completed the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS\u2010II) as part of a larger natural history study. Over one\u2010third (35%) of AYA were neither in school nor employed. Mean VABS\u2010II daily living and socialization scores were low average while mean Verbal and Performance IQ scores were average. VABS\u2010II scores were positively correlated with processing speed, executive functioning, and working memory scores. Verbal IQ was the only significant predictor of work\/school status. Identification of the correlates and predictors of adaptive functioning and life achievement can help guide healthcare providers with the early identification of risk factors and possible areas for intervention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.62544","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,3]],"date-time":"2021-11-03T18:10:27Z","timestamp":1635963027000},"page":"488-497","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Adolescents and young adults with neurofibromatosis type 1: A descriptive study of adaptive functioning"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"188","author":[{"given":"Kari L.","family":"Struemph","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Directorate Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research  Frederick Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adreanna T. 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