{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T09:19:48Z","timestamp":1770887988305,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]],"date-time":"2022-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660089600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J of Med Genetics Pt A"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Medical School of Padua (Italy) contributed profoundly to the study of teratology. Many famous physicians and professors of medicine, such as Liceti, Vallisneri, Morgagni, and Malacarne, have studied and investigated these anomalies to better understand the causes and to find a potential explanation, often preserving the specimens for future studies. The present study highlights some historical cases of conjoined twins and a conjoined triplet preserved at the Morgagni Museum of Human Anatomy to show the development of medical theories in the teratological field between the 18th and early 19th century. This approach will provide insights into different study methods and ideas of some of the most famous scholars working in Padua at that time. The current article focuses on rare cases, both human and animal, that were encountered by physicians who worked in the Veneto area in the late 18th and early 19th century. Their detailed descriptions are not only of historical but also of contemporary dysmorphological value.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.62938","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,11]],"date-time":"2022-08-11T06:55:03Z","timestamp":1660200903000},"page":"3423-3431","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The role of the <scp>University of Padua<\/scp> medical school in the study of conjoined twins between 18th and early 19th century"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"188","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1553-2494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Magno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Museums Centre CAM, University of Padua  Padua Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1564-0847","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucas L.","family":"Boer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Imaging, Section Anatomy and Museum for Anatomy and Pathology Radboud University Medical Center  Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roelof\u2010Jan","family":"Oostra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biology, Section Clinical Anatomy and Embryology Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Zanatta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua  Padua Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.23387"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.23725"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","volume-title":"Dissertazione storica intorno allo innesto del vajuolo eseguito in Verona la primavera dell'anno 1769","author":"Bongiovanni N.","year":"1769"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","volume-title":"Descrizione di una mostruosa bambina nata nel Veronese","author":"Bongiovanni Z.","year":"1789"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.1422"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","volume-title":"Teratology transformed: Uncertainty, knowledge, and conflict over environmental etiologies of birth defects in midcentury America","author":"Dron H. 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