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This study aimed to identify gene variants contributing to the development of both syndromic (SCLP) and non\u2010syndromic (NSCLP) forms of the condition in 20 consanguineous Kuwaiti families. We used exome sequencing and assessed the variants' predicted functional roles. Seven rare gene variants were identified across all cases, including one novel variant (\n                    <jats:italic>LRRC32<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) in a syndromic case and three variants (\n                    <jats:italic>SH3PXD2A<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>DUOX1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>MSX2<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) in non\u2010syndromic cases. These genes are predicted to be involved in cellular metabolism, differentiation, signaling, and regulatory mechanisms. Four genes (\n                    <jats:italic>SH3PXD2A<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>DUOX1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>MSX2<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>ACACB<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) identified in the non\u2010syndromic cases were found to have a significant association with co\u2010expression of the transcription factor TP63. These findings provide a foundation for further investigation into the functional roles of these novel variants in the development of NSCLP, particularly\n                    <jats:italic>DUOX1,<\/jats:italic>\n                    which has not been previously reported in CLP.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.64268","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T11:31:58Z","timestamp":1759491118000},"page":"360-370","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Identification of Novel and Rare Gene Variants in Cleft Lip\/Palate Patients From Kuwaiti Consanguineous Families by Exome Sequencing"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"200","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0956-7965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lateefa","family":"Alkharafi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cleft and Craniofacial Unit, Ministry of Health  Kuwait City Kuwait"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1260-4632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suzanne","family":"Al\u2010Bustan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences Kuwait University, Faculty of Science  Kuwait City Kuwait"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5869-2520","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sumaya","family":"Alkanderi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kuwait Medical Genetic Center, Ministry of Health  Kuwait City Kuwait"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reem M.","family":"Elshafie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kuwait Medical Genetic Center, Ministry of Health  Kuwait City Kuwait"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heba","family":"Dannoun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological 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