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It is known that dyslexia often co\u2010occurs with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and the 7\u2010repeat allele of the 48\u2010bp tandem repeat in exon 3 of the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) has been implicated in ADHD. We, therefore, investigated DRD4 as a candidate gene for dyslexia by testing for linkage and association with 14 markers at and around the DRD4 locus on chromosome 11p15.5. Using 100 families having at least two siblings affected with dyslexia, model\u2010free linkage analysis revealed evidence for linkage to the DRD4\u2010exon 3 repeat (two\u2010point MFLOD\u2009=\u20092.27, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001) and to HRAS located just proximal to DRD4 (two\u2010point MFLOD\u2009=\u20092.68, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0004). Evidence for linkage was maximal between DRD4 and HRAS (three\u2010point MFLOD\u2009=\u20093.57, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.00005). However, linkage disequilibrium analysis showed no significant evidence for association between dyslexia and DRD4 or HRAS. In particular, dyslexic subjects showed no significant increase of the DRD4 7\u2010repeat allele associated with ADHD. It is possible that other DRD4 variants, not in strong linkage disequilibrium with the exon 3 repeat polymorphism, or alternatively, another gene very closely linked to DRD4, may influence susceptibility to dyslexia. \u00a9 2003 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.20082","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,28]],"date-time":"2004-01-28T09:00:26Z","timestamp":1075280426000},"page":"112-119","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["A dyslexia susceptibility locus (<i>DYX7<\/i>) linked to dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) region on chromosome 11p15.5"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"125B","author":[{"given":"Ging\u2010Yuek R.","family":"Hsiung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bonnie J.","family":"Kaplan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tracey L.","family":"Petryshen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shao","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. 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