{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T03:16:36Z","timestamp":1778814996835,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,8]],"date-time":"2006-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1141776000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J of Med Genetics Pt B"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Statistically based classification methods have successfully refined ADHD into homogenous and heritable subtypes. External validity and impairment of these subtypes was examined using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). We compared mean CBCL syndrome and competency t\u2010scores across ADHD subtypes defined by latent class analysis in a sample of 1,346 individual twins from Missouri. The potential for comorbidity with conduct disorder (CD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), or major depression (MD) to increase impairment in specific ADHD subtypes was also examined. CBCL profiles confirm differences in severity, with more severe classes having increased syndrome scale and decreased competency scale CBCL scores. Clinically significant impairment was found for severe inattentive and combined subtypes and the mild combined subtype. Overall, the presence of comorbid CD, ODD, or MD did not result in increased ADHD subtype impairment. CBCL scores distinguish impairment in ADHD subtypes created through LCA. Comorbidity with CD, ODD, or MD does not significantly increase impairment among ADHD subtypes. The mild combined ADHD subtype represents a clinically significant but under\u2010studied form of ADHD. \u00a9 2006 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.30299","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,8]],"date-time":"2006-03-08T18:49:30Z","timestamp":1141843770000},"page":"312-318","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Validation of population\u2010based ADHD subtypes and identification of three clinically impaired subtypes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"141B","author":[{"given":"Heather E.","family":"Volk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cynthia","family":"Henderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosalind J.","family":"Neuman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard D.","family":"Todd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","volume-title":"Manual for the Child Behavior Checklist\/4\u201318 and 1991 profile","author":"Achenbach TM","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","volume-title":"Manual for the ASEBA school\u2010age forms and profiles","author":"Achenbach TM","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, Revised (DSM\u2010III\u2010R)","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, (DSM\u2010IV)","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200008000-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)66915-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1993.tb01785.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200302000-00013"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-002-0049-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.158.10.1666"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00913597"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.150.6.891"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200003000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1020730224907"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1025775311259"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200112000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199808000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200004000-00016"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200303000-00017"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199907000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","volume-title":"Design and analysis: A researcher's handbook","author":"Keppel G","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","first-page":"896","article-title":"Instability of the DSM\u2010IV subtypes of ADHD from preschool through elementary school","volume":"62","author":"Lahey BB","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.chi.0000153232.64968.c1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s007870070040"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199901000-00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781412984713"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199901000-00016"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1375\/twin.8.4.392"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00229"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-7610.00081"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2004.00248.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2004.00247.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1375\/1369052012786"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199205000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.158.11.1891"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200207000-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200312000-00013"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4001406"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200405000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2005.01517.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15374424jccp2604_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.chi.0000166173.72815.83"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199911000-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-8628(20000612)96:3<293::AID-AJMG12>3.0.CO;2-C"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fajmg.b.30299","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ajmg.b.30299","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,15]],"date-time":"2023-11-15T18:52:25Z","timestamp":1700074345000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ajmg.b.30299"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,27]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ajmg.b.30299"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajmg.b.30299","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1552-4841","1552-485X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1552-4841","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-485X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,27]]}}}