{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T20:04:23Z","timestamp":1768680263450,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,22]],"date-time":"2009-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1261440000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J of Med Genetics Pt B"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gene\u2009\u00d7\u2009environment (G\u2009\u00d7\u2009E) interactions mediating depressive symptoms have been separately identified in the stress\u2010sensitive serotonergic (5\u2010HTTLPR) and corticotropin\u2010releasing hormone (CRHR1) systems. Our objective was to examine whether the effects of child abuse are moderated by gene\u2009\u00d7\u2009gene (G\u2009\u00d7\u2009G) interactions between CRHR1 and 5\u2010HTTLPR polymorphisms. We used an association study examining G\u2009\u00d7\u2009G\u2009\u00d7\u2009E interactions of CRHR1 and 5\u2010HTTLPR polymorphisms and measures of child abuse on adult depressive symptomatology. The participant population (N\u2009=\u20091,392) was African\u2010American, of low socioeconomic status (60% with &lt;$1,000\/month family income), and with high rates of childhood and lifetime trauma. Depressive symptoms were measured with Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and history of Major Depression by Structure Clinical Interview based on DSM\u2010IV (SCID). We first replicated an interaction of child abuse and 5\u2010HTTLPR on lifetime SCID diagnosis of major depression in a subsample (N\u2009=\u2009236) of the study population\u2014the largest African\u2010American 5\u2010HTTLPR cohort reported to date. We then extended our previously reported interaction with both a CRHR1 SNP (rs110402) and TCA haplotype interacting with child abuse to predict current symptoms (N\u2009=\u20091,059; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0089). We found that the 5\u2010HTTLPR S allele interacted with CRHR1 haplotypes and child abuse to predict current depressive symptoms (N\u2009=\u2009856, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.016). These data suggest that G\u2009\u00d7\u2009E interactions predictive of depressive symptoms may be differentially sensitive to levels of childhood trauma, and the effects of child abuse are moderated by genetic variation at both the CRHR1 and 5\u2010HTTLPR loci and by their G\u2009\u00d7\u2009G interaction. \u00a9 2009 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.31052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,22]],"date-time":"2009-12-22T16:14:00Z","timestamp":1261498440000},"page":"812-824","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":105,"title":["Polymorphisms in <i>CRHR1<\/i> and the serotonin transporter loci: Gene\u2009\u00d7\u2009Gene\u2009\u00d7\u2009Environment interactions on depressive symptoms"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"153B","author":[{"given":"Kerry 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