{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T15:59:48Z","timestamp":1791388788509,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,20]],"date-time":"2013-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1379635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J of Med Genetics Pt B"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Developmental dyslexia (DD) is a complex heritable disorder with unexpected difficulty in learning to read and spell despite adequate intelligence, education, environment, and normal senses. We performed a whole genome copy number variations (CNV) scan on 11 dyslexic families consisting of 14 dyslexic subjects and 24 non dyslexic members using 1.8 million combined SNP and CNV markers. We found CNVs affecting protocadherin genes in six dyslexics from three families, while none among the non\u2010dyslexic control members showed any CNV in protocadherins. We identified duplications in five cases and a deletion in one case in Xq21.3 region bearing <jats:italic>PCDH11X<\/jats:italic>. Unequal recombination between the X\u2010transposed region (XTR) of Yp11.2 and the X chromosome might be causing these structural changes. <jats:italic>PCDH11X<\/jats:italic>, expressed in brain is implicated in cell\u2013cell communication, verbal ability, cerebral asymmetry, and dendritic synaptic plasticity, may be regarded as a new candidate gene for dyslexia. \u00a9 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.32199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,11]],"date-time":"2013-10-11T22:00:36Z","timestamp":1381528836000},"page":"889-897","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Genome\u2010wide copy number scan identifies disruption of <i>PCDH11X<\/i> in developmental dyslexia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"162","author":[{"given":"Avinash M.","family":"Veerappa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomics Laboratory, Department of Studies in Zoology University of Mysore, Manasagangotri Mysore Karnataka India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marita","family":"Saldanha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Studies in Psychology University of Mysore, Manasagangotri Mysore Karnataka India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prakash","family":"Padakannaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Studies in Psychology University of Mysore, Manasagangotri Mysore Karnataka India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nallur B.","family":"Ramachandra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genomics Laboratory, Department of Studies in Zoology University of Mysore, Manasagangotri Mysore Karnataka India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1986.00520060060019"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","unstructured":"Birdsuite Algorithmhttp:\/\/www.broad.mit.edu\/mpg\/birdsuite\/birdseed.html2010."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08516"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","first-page":"25","article-title":"Epigenetics of cerebral asymmetry as the determinant of disease expression","volume":"53","author":"Crow TJ","year":"2002","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13576500802574984"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-9452(74)80009-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","unstructured":"Database of Genomic Variants [http:\/\/projects.tcag.ca\/variation\/].2012."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.0030190"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.341314"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1416"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","unstructured":"Jaya BaiK. \u201cStandardisation of Kannada oral reading test for primary school\u201d. 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