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Girls with TS show deficits in visual\u2013spatial skills as well as reduced brain volume and surface area in the parietal cortex which supports these cognitive functions. Thus, measuring the developmental trajectory of the parietal cortex and the associated visual\u2013spatial cognition in TS may provide novel insights into critical brain\u2010behavior associations. In this longitudinal study, we acquired structural MRI data and assessed visual\u2013spatial skills in 16 (age: 8.23\u2009\u00b1\u20092.5) girls with TS and 13 age\u2010matched controls over two time\u2010points. Gray and white matter volume, surface area and cortical thickness were calculated from surfaced based segmentation of bilateral parietal cortices, and the NEPSY Arrows subtest was used to assess visual\u2013spatial ability. Volumetric and cognitive scalars were modeled to obtain estimates of age\u2010related change. The results show aberrant growth of white matter volume (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.011, corrected) and surface area (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.036, corrected) of the left superior parietal regions during childhood in girls with TS. Other parietal sub\u2010regions were significantly smaller in girls with TS at both time\u2010points but did not show different growth trajectories relative to controls. Furthermore, we found that visual\u2013spatial skills showed a widening deficit for girls with TS relative to controls (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003). Young girls with TS demonstrate an aberrant trajectory of parietal cortical and cognitive development during childhood. Elucidating aberrant neurodevelopmental trajectories in this population is critical for determining specific stages of brain maturation that are particularly dependent on TS\u2010related genetic and hormonal factors. \u00a9 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.32256","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,11]],"date-time":"2014-07-11T04:53:03Z","timestamp":1405054383000},"page":"531-540","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Aberrant parietal cortex developmental trajectories in girls with turner syndrome and related visual\u2013spatial cognitive development: A preliminary study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"165","author":[{"given":"Tamar","family":"Green","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Interdisciplinary Brain Sciences Research Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford California"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv 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