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The development of therapeutics to manage these symptoms has been hindered, in part, by the lack of sensitive outcome measures. This study investigated the utility of a novel eye\u2010tracking paradigm for indexing social avoidance\u2010related phenotypes. Adolescent\/young adult\u2010aged males with FXS (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 24) and typical development (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 23) participated in the study. Participants viewed faces displaying direct or averted gaze and the first fixation duration on the eyes was recorded as an index of initial stimulus registration. Fixation durations did not differ across the direction of gaze conditions in either group, although the control group showed longer initial fixations on the eyes relative to the FXS group. Shorter initial fixation on averted gaze in males with FXS was a robust predictor of the severity of their social avoidance behavior exhibited during a social greeting context, whereas parent\u2010reported social avoidance symptoms were not related to performance in the semi\u2010naturalistic context. This eye\u2010tracking paradigm may represent a promising outcome measure for FXS clinical trials because it provides a quantitative index that closely maps onto core social avoidance phenotypes of FXS, can be completed in less than 20\u2009min, and is suitable for use with individuals with low IQ.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.32757","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,16]],"date-time":"2019-08-16T12:32:04Z","timestamp":1565958724000},"page":"5-16","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["A novel eye\u2010tracking paradigm for indexing social avoidance\u2010related behavior in fragile X syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"183","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2818-0344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica","family":"Klusek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders University of South Carolina  Columbia South Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carly","family":"Moser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders University of South Carolina  Columbia South Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Central Florida  Orlando Florida"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leonard","family":"Abbeduto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and MIND Institute University of California  Davis California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jane E.","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of South Carolina  Columbia South Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-018-3796-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-018-3796-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0956-7976.2003.psci_1479.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"volume-title":"Origins of an Understanding of Mind","year":"1994","author":"Baron\u2010Cohen S.","key":"e_1_2_8_6_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aab4109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s11689-016-9181-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DBP.0b013e31829d1f20"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2004.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1964.tb00553.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2014.13111464"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s11689-017-9193-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Autism spectrum disorder in fragile X syndrome: Differential contribution of adaptive socialization and social withdrawal","volume":"9999","author":"Budimirovic D. 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