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The possibility of region\u2010specific insular volumetric reduction as an endophenotype and\/or a possible treatment predictor is a critical issue with great implications for the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease. The sample of the current study comprised 44 drug\u2010naive and first\u2010episode patients, 42 unaffected siblings, and 44 healthy controls. A computational anatomy toolbox (CAT12) was applied to analyze the structural images with a fine\u2010grained, cross\u2010validated brainnetome atlas. Correlation analysis and support vector regression (SVR) were used to determine the relationship between insular deficits and symptomatic severity among patients. The gray matter volume (GMV) values in the left hypergranular insula (G) exhibited the following pattern: patients &lt; siblings &lt; controls. GMV values in the right ventral agranular insula (vIa) and baseline Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale negative symptoms subscale scores among patients showed a positive correlation (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> =\u20090.384, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> =\u2009.010). Further SVR analysis exhibited a significantly positive correlation between GMV values in the right vIa and negative symptomatic improvement among patients (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> =\u20090.537, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt;\u2009.001). Results suggested the presence of region\u2010specific insular volumetric decreases in first\u2010episode schizophrenia. Thus, volumetric decrease in left G might be a potential endophenotype for schizophrenia, and GMV values in right vIa might be used to predict negative symptomatic improvement in schizophrenia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.32765","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,18]],"date-time":"2019-10-18T14:09:19Z","timestamp":1571407759000},"page":"106-112","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Region\u2010specific insular volumetric decreases in drug\u2010naive, first\u2010episode schizophrenia and their unaffected siblings"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"183","author":[{"given":"Huabing","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangpan","family":"Ou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University  Changsha China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center of Mental Disorders  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Tianjin Medical University General Hospital  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qinji","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Health Center the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University  Nanning China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhikun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mental Health Center the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University  Nanning China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jindong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University  Changsha China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center of Mental Disorders  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Furong","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University  Changsha China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center of Mental Disorders  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingping","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University  Changsha China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center of Mental Disorders  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1626-2465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenbin","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University  Changsha China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Center of Mental Disorders  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.05.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2000.0582"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2010.12.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-9964(00)00028-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2019.05.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2008.07101562"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbv141"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhw157"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","volume-title":"Structured clinical interview for DSM\u2010IV Axis I disorders (SCID)","author":"First M. 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