{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T05:21:59Z","timestamp":1788153719123,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788048000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788048000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J of Med Genetics Pt B"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    A wide range of behavioral phenotypes has been described in PWS patients including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The prevalence of behavioral disorders was studied in 292 participants over 3\u2009years with genetically confirmed PWS (\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009164 females and\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009128 males) with deletion (\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009182) and mUPD (maternal uniparental disomy) (\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200999). The prevalence of ASD, and other behavioral disorders was tested for association with gender, genetic subtypes, and growth hormone (GH) treatment. The prevalence of ASD in PWS individuals was 19.5%, in concordance with previous studies at 25%. The frequency of ADHD was 10.7%. The mean age at diagnosis for ASD, ADHD, and disruptive behavior was 14.9\u2009\u00b1\u200910.5, 9.3\u2009\u00b1\u20095.9, and 19.6\u2009\u00b1\u200914\u2009years, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of ASD and ADHD between deletion and UPD subjects, and between GH\u2010treated and non\u2010treated subjects. Patients with mUPD had higher frequencies of anxiety than those with deletions (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.001). GH\u2010treated participants had a lower frequency of depression and a higher frequency of anxiety than non\u2010treated participants (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.04,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.02, respectively). This is the largest study to evaluate an association between genetically confirmed PWS and ASD. We found no significant differences in the frequency of ASD and other behavioral disorders across the genetic groups and GH treatment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.70034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T05:03:32Z","timestamp":1788152612000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Influence of Molecular Genetic Classes on Behavior in Prader\u2010Willi Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1865-2958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ranim","family":"Mahmoud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics University of California  Irvine California USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Mansoura University  Mansoura Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2911-0524","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Merlin G.","family":"Butler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Psychiatry &amp; Behavioral Sciences and Pediatrics University of Kansas Medical Center  Kansas City Kansas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wai","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics University of California  Irvine California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer L.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9612-773X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Driscoll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida College of Medicine  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"June\u2010Anne","family":"Gold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics University of California  Irvine California USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Loma Linda University Medical School  Loma Linda California USA"},{"name":"Rady Children's Hospital of Orange County  Orange California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1567-4449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Virginia","family":"Kimonis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics University of California  Irvine California USA"},{"name":"Rady Children's Hospital of Orange County  Orange California USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology University of California  Irvine California USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology University of California  Irvine California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.37286"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s1462399405009531"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(02)07340\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv.22.6.0447"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320350306"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24054271"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.113.3.565"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmedgenet\u20102018\u2010105301"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-98171-6","volume-title":"Management of Prader\u2010Willi Syndrome: Fourth Edition","author":"Butler M. 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