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Such a gene might be observed in families, as has been documented in familial breast cancer (<jats:italic>BRCA1\/2<\/jats:italic>), familial colorectal cancer (HNPCC), retinoblastoma (<jats:italic>RB1<\/jats:italic>), and Wilms tumor (<jats:italic>WT1<\/jats:italic>). This review investigates the evidence for the existence, first of familial prostate cancer, and second, for the presence of such a high\u2010risk gene in those families by epidemiological and experimental approaches. Another current area of interest in prostate cancer is the investigation of the contribution of common lower penetrance genes to the disease. This alternative approach has become popular, as it raises the issue of frequently seen genetic variations such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) having relevance to the risk of developing the disease. Finally, this article will explore the way forward, with emphasis on worldwide collaboration from teams attempting to find the genes responsible for the disease and investment in new technologies that will aid in their discovery. \u00a9 2004 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.c.30027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,7,6]],"date-time":"2004-07-06T16:01:33Z","timestamp":1089129693000},"page":"65-73","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Unravelling the genetics of prostate cancer"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"129C","author":[{"given":"Stephen M.","family":"Edwards","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosalind A.","family":"Eeles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/89.4.287"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19930701)72:1<114::AID-CNCR2820720122>3.0.CO;2-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.37.12.947"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/302771"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/302994"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/301879"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/91.15.1310"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","first-page":"47","article-title":"Genetic epidemiology of prostate cancer in the Utah Mormon Genealogy","volume":"1","author":"Cannon L","year":"1982","journal-title":"Cancer Surv"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng823"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.8.3367"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1021"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.40.3.e21"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.11128"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/89.13.955"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/320114"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.10308"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.10300"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(19991022)84:5<458::AID-IJC2>3.0.CO;2-Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/345310"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.10301"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.pcan.4500279"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4899-4501-3_22"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.1997.tb00795.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/301745"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","first-page":"56","article-title":"Linkage between prostate cancer incidence and different alleles of the human Y\u2010linked tetranucleotide polymorphism DYS19","volume":"49","author":"Ewis AA","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Med Invest"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)91578-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","first-page":"4513","article-title":"The frequency of germ\u2010line mutations in the breast cancer predisposition genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 in familial prostate cancer. 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