{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T17:10:46Z","timestamp":1791220246645,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,1]],"date-time":"2007-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1191196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J of Med Genetics Pt C"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The chromosome 9q subtelomere deletion syndrome (9qSTDS) is among the first and most common clinically recognizable syndromes to arise from widespread testing by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) of subtelomere deletions. There are about 50 reported cases worldwide. Affected individuals invariably have severe hypotonia with speech and gross motor delay. The facial gestalt is distinct and features absolute or relative micro\u2010 or brachycephaly, hypertelorism, synophrys, and\/or arched eyebrows, mid\u2010face hypoplasia, a short nose with upturned nares, a protruding tongue with everted lower lip and down\u2010turned corners of the mouth. Approximately half of affected individuals have congenital heart defects (primarily ASD or VSD). A significant minority have epilepsy and\/or behavioral and sleep disturbances. A variety of other major and minor eye, ear, genital, and limb anomalies have been reported. Most patients have sub\u2010microscopic deletions of the subtelomere region of chromosome 9q34.3 that range from &lt;400 kb to &gt;3 Mb. The 9qSTDS is caused by haplo\u2010insufficiency of <jats:italic>EHMT1,<\/jats:italic> a gene whose protein product (Eu\u2010HMTase1) is a histone H3 Lys 9 (H3\u2010K9) methyltransferase. This was established by identification of three patients with features of the syndrome and either mutations or a balanced translocation in <jats:italic>EHMT1<\/jats:italic>. H3\u2010K9 histone methylation is restricted to the euchromatin of mammals and functions to silence individual genes. Deletion size does not correlate with the severity of the 9qSTDS since patients with mutations in <jats:italic>EHMT1<\/jats:italic> are as severely affected as those with submicroscopic deletions. Patients clinically suspected of having the 9qSTDS but with normal subtelomere deletion testing by FISH or MLPA should be considered for detailed 9q MLPA analysis and\/or sequencing of <jats:italic>EHMT1<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>EHMT1<\/jats:italic> is another example in the growing list of genes responsible for brain development that appear to play a role in chromatin remodeling. 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