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The brain mechanisms that underpin these disturbances are unknown. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) enables in vivo investigation of the microstructural integrity of white matter pathways. To date, only one study has used DTI to examine white matter alterations in PWS. However, that study used selected regions of interest, rather than a whole brain analysis. In the present study, we used diffusion tensor and magnetic resonance (T 1\u2010weighted) imaging to examine microstructural white matter changes in 15 individuals with PWS (17\u201330 years) and 15 age\u2010and\u2010gender\u2010matched controls. Whole\u2010brain voxel\u2010wise statistical analysis of FA was carried out using tract\u2010based spatial statistics (TBSS). Significantly decreased fractional anisotropy was found localized to the left hemisphere in individuals with PWS within the splenium of the corpus callosum, the internal capsule including the posterior thalamic radiation and the inferior frontal occipital fasciculus (IFOF). Reduced integrity of these white matter pathways in individuals with PWS may relate to orientating attention, emotion recognition, semantic processing, and sensorimotor dysfunction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.c.31572","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,23]],"date-time":"2017-08-23T06:26:38Z","timestamp":1503469598000},"page":"362-367","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Microstructural white matter tract alteration in Prader\u2010Willi syndrome: A diffusion tensor imaging study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"175","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2315-7698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lauren J.","family":"Rice","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain and Mind Centre University of Sydney Camperdown Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jim","family":"Lagopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain and Mind Centre University of Sydney Camperdown Australia"},{"name":"Queensland Mind and Neuroscience Thompson Institute University of the Sunshine Coast Maroochydore DC Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Brammer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain and Mind Centre University of Sydney Camperdown Australia"},{"name":"Department of Neuroimaging Institute of Psychiatry King's College London London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stewart L.","family":"Einfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain and Mind Centre University of Sydney Camperdown Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"Andersson J. 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