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This study used a broader battery of performance\u2010based measures as well as parent\u2010rating scales of EF in 77 boys and adolescents with XXY (mean age = 12.5\u2009years), recruited from a clinical trial and an outpatient clinic. Exploratory factor analyses were used to create EF domains from performance\u2010based measures, and similar domains were measured using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function and Conners Parent\u2010Rating Scales. The boys with XXY showed a distinct EF profile, with the greatest deficit in attention and more moderate deficits in working memory, switching, and planning\/problem solving. Parent ratings showed similar challenges, as well as impaired inhibition. Independent sample <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010tests showed no difference on performance measures between boys diagnosed or not diagnosed with attention\u2010deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), although parents of boys diagnosed with ADHD reported more difficulties. There were no differences on performance\u2010based tests between those diagnosed pre\u2010 and postnatally, although parents of postnatally diagnosed boys reported more metacognitive problems. Language deficits, cognition, and socio\u2010economic status did not account for EF deficits.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.c.31804","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,10]],"date-time":"2020-06-10T05:35:20Z","timestamp":1591767320000},"page":"469-481","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Executive function in <scp>XXY<\/scp>: Comparison of performance\u2010based measures and rating scales"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"184","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6877-0947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer","family":"Janusz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Colorado School of Medicine  Aurora Colorado USA"},{"name":"Division of Neurology Children's Hospital Colorado  Aurora Colorado USA"},{"name":"eXtraordinarY Kids Program Children's Hospital Colorado  Aurora Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Harrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Colorado School of Medicine  Aurora Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Boada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Colorado School of Medicine  Aurora Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Cordeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Colorado School of Medicine  Aurora Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Howell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Colorado School of Medicine  Aurora Colorado USA"},{"name":"eXtraordinarY Kids Program Children's Hospital Colorado  Aurora Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8529-6722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicole","family":"Tartaglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Colorado School of Medicine  Aurora Colorado USA"},{"name":"eXtraordinarY Kids Program Children's Hospital Colorado  Aurora Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Boada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Colorado School of Medicine  Aurora Colorado USA"},{"name":"Division of Neurology Children's Hospital Colorado  Aurora Colorado USA"},{"name":"eXtraordinarY Kids Program Children's Hospital Colorado  Aurora Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/chin.8.2.71.8724"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13638490110091347"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/chin.8.4.231.13509"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/arclin\/15.1.31"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acn.2007.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.121.1.65"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200403000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.71.2.262","article-title":"Speech and language development in 41 children with sex chromosome anomalies","volume":"71","author":"Bender B. 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