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When people with these disorders are portrayed in works of art, physicians have speculated on possible diagnoses. In particular, many figures have been labeled as possibly having a neurocutaneous disorder, sometimes distorting the popular conception of these diseases. We review numerous documents, drawings, prints, lithographs, xylographs, and portraits which span the ages from antiquity to the era of the pioneers behind the eponyms, depicting a large spectrum of neurocutaneous disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.c.31917","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,20]],"date-time":"2021-05-20T08:01:52Z","timestamp":1621497712000},"page":"224-234","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Neurocutaneous syndromes in art and antiquities"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"187","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2658-4249","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martino","family":"Ruggieri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Rare Diseases of the Nervous System in Childhood, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pediatrics and Child Neuropsychiatry University of Catania  Catania Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amalia Egle","family":"Gentile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Rare Diseases Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenza","family":"Ferrara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratories of Art and Medical Humanities, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine Sapienza University of Rome  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Papi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institutes for Health Migration and Poverty (NIHMP) and DermArt  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea D.","family":"Pratic\u00f2","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Rare Diseases of the Nervous System in Childhood, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pediatrics and Child Neuropsychiatry University of Catania  Catania Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert","family":"Mudry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Domenica","family":"Taruscio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Centre for Rare Diseases Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Micali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Clinical Dermatology, Department of General Surgery and Medical and Surgical Specialties, Section of Dermatology and Venereology University of Catania  Catania Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agata","family":"Polizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Educational Sciences, Chair of Pediatrics University of Catania  Catania Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1996.01890230086016"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","first-page":"1642","volume-title":"Monstruorum Historia: Cum Paralipomenis Historiae omnium Animalium","author":"Aldrovandi U.","year":"1642"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2010.08.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13128\/IJAE-22974"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","volume-title":"The founders of child neurology","author":"Ashwal S.","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","first-page":"105","volume-title":"Reveil et prodiges. 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