{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T10:56:57Z","timestamp":1784545017406,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]],"date-time":"2023-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J of Med Genetics Pt C"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) experience a range of medical and neurodevelopmental conditions, necessitating systematic study of their occurrence and impact on neurodevelopmental outcomes. We describe the prevalence and relationships of medical, neurodevelopmental (ND), and mental health (MH) conditions in children with DS. We created a prospective clinical database of individuals with DS, integrated into the workflow of a specialty Down Syndrome Program at a specialty pediatric referral hospital. Conditions were collected through caregiver\u2010 and clinician report at clinical visits (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009599). We calculated frequencies of medical, ND, and MH conditions and then assessed the relationship between medical, ND, and MH conditions using frequencies and comparative statistics. The most frequent co\u2010occurring conditions were vision (72.5%), ear\/hearing (71.0%), gastrointestinal (61.3%), respiratory (45.6%), and feeding (33.6%) problems, with variation in frequency by age. ND and MH conditions were reported in one quarter, most commonly autism spectrum disorder and attention\u2010deficit\/hyperactivity disorder. Those with ND and MH conditions had greater frequency of medical conditions, with highest rates of vision, ear\/hearing, and gastrointestinal issues, and CHD. Systematically collected clinical data in a large cohort of children with DS reveals high prevalence of several co\u2010occurring medical, ND, and MH conditions. Clinical care requires an understanding of the complex relationship between medical conditions and neurodevelopment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.c.32072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]],"date-time":"2023-10-24T11:20:48Z","timestamp":1698146448000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Co\u2010occurring conditions in Down syndrome: Findings from a clinical database"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"193","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2170-3058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicole T.","family":"Baumer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics Boston Children's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Boston Children's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret A.","family":"Hojlo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics Boston Children's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine G.","family":"Pawlowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics Boston Children's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna L.","family":"Milliken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics Boston Children's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela M.","family":"Lombardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics Boston Children's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Sargado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics Boston Children's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cara","family":"Soccorso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics Boston Children's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily J.","family":"Davidson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics Boston Children's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics Boston Children's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William J.","family":"Barbaresi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Developmental Medicine, Department of Pediatrics Boston Children's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12868"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2018-314846"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/chd.12322"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.12617"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/17446295221133874"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","first-page":"187","volume-title":"International review of research in developmental disabilities","author":"Baumer N. T.","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.23580"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-022-01699-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.026963"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11689-009-9021-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.12376"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-1605"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1706537"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2022-057010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/10507250152741037"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.c.30097"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2022 June 8).Data and statistics about ADHD.https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/ncbddd\/adhd\/data.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","volume-title":"Facts about Down Syndrome","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.8630"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17294\/2330-0698.1824"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.4326"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1023044711293"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3148.2011.00673.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/MMWR.MM6750A1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/26.8.1006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-022-05779-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DBP.0b013e3181d5aa6d"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/0004-282x-anp-2021-0156"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcv2.12094"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.23624"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrdd.20159"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s11689-015-9101-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073811405201"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jir.12911"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrdd.20132"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2017-1645"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijpo.12631"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2015.11.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-021-01357-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0239040"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2022.1109011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0387-7604(01)00239-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2020-1693"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6702240"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2019.103208"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.1854"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3148.2007.00368.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spen.2016.05.001"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","first-page":"159","article-title":"Psychological disorders in patients with chronic constipation","volume":"4","author":"Hosseinzadeh S. T.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology from Bed to Bench"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2010.210534"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/epi4.12412"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-3021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s11689-021-09382-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2022.05.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000002742"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2023.109228"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.ss7011a1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2016.07.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2011.06.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000236"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.778410"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.20981"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.13217"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14656566.2018.1529167"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2022_JSLHR-22-00023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2006.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803-022-05566-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aur.2354"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2018-0492"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1359104512458228"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrdd.20136"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12987-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.008556"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1352\/1944-7558-123.6.514"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2012.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2022.940175"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-1440"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.132.4.432"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DBP.0000000000001171"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DBP.0000000000001236"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s11689-023-09478-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.1975"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s11689-019-9306-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1556768"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2010.08.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medsci5040030"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.17024"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1047951115000062"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0012162206001782"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/rep0000251"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Medical Genetics Part C: Seminars in Medical Genetics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ajmg.c.32072","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,13]],"date-time":"2024-01-13T10:00:44Z","timestamp":1705140044000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ajmg.c.32072"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]]},"references-count":92,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ajmg.c.32072"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajmg.c.32072","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1552-4868","1552-4876"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1552-4868","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-4876","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-08-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-10-06","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-10-24","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e32072"}}