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Growth increments in histological thin sections are used to reconstruct the chronology of dental development to determine how dental development is accelerated in the more folivorous species of each pair. Although anterior tooth formation appears to be unrelated to diet, both <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>syndactylus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>entellus<\/jats:italic> initiate the slowest\u2010forming molar earlier than the related less\u2010folivorous species, which supports the hypothesis that dental acceleration is related to food processing. <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>syndactylus<\/jats:italic> initiates M<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> crown formation at an earlier age than <jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>lar<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>entellus<\/jats:italic> initiates and completes M<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> at an earlier age than <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>h<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>hamadryas<\/jats:italic>. Similar stages of M<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> eruption occur earlier in the more folivorous species; however, the sex of the individual may also play a role in creating such differences. Although the age at M<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> emergence is close to that reported for the end of body mass growth in lar gibbons, hamadryas baboons, and Hanuman langurs, M<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> emergence may not be coupled to body mass growth in siamangs. Am. J. Primatol. 61:29\u201340, 2003. \u00a9 2003 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajp.10106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,5]],"date-time":"2003-09-05T14:46:27Z","timestamp":1062773187000},"page":"29-40","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Effect of diet on dental development in four species of catarrhine primates"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Wendy","family":"Dirks","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Foraging for survival: yearling baboons in Africa","author":"Altmann SA","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"BartlettTQ.1999.Feeding and ranging behavior of the white\u2010handed gibbon (Hylobates lar) in Khao Yai National Park Thailand. Dissertation Washington University Saint Louis MO. 193 p. 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