{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T06:56:06Z","timestamp":1790060166657,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,14]],"date-time":"2006-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1166054400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Primatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recent studies on the comparative penile morphology of galagos have revealed complex patterns that vary among both genera and species, and help with species identification. So far the penile morphologies of 14 galago species have been described and an identification key has been proposed. The present study extends and revises previous work. Wild <jats:italic>Galagoides cocos, G. granti, G. zanzibaricus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>G. rondoensis<\/jats:italic> from the Eastern Arc Mountains and coastal forests of Tanzania and Kenya were live\u2010trapped, and one species (<jats:italic>G. orinus<\/jats:italic>) was examined using a museum specimen. Penile morphology was photographed, traced, and described qualitatively. All of the mature males had penile spines. Spines were absent or indistinct in immature males of all of the species. The penile morphologies of <jats:italic>G. cocos, G. granti<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>G. zanzibaricus<\/jats:italic> are similar in their overall distribution and type of spines, but differ in the shape of the glans penis. Both <jats:italic>G. orinus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>G. rondoensis<\/jats:italic> have divergent penile morphologies compared to all other galagos, and are probably phylogenetically distinct. The results support other recent morphological and behavioral studies that consider these five galagos to be distinct species. The evolution of the baculum and spines is thought to be linked to sexual selection in multimale mating systems, but the mechanisms involved are not entirely understood. Adult male <jats:italic>G. rondoensis<\/jats:italic> appear to display the penile spines by exposing the distal section of the penis. Am. J. Primatol. 68:16\u201326, 2007. \u00a9 2006 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajp.20323","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,14]],"date-time":"2006-12-14T22:19:49Z","timestamp":1166134789000},"page":"16-26","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Comparative penile morphology of East African galagos of the genus <i>Galagoides<\/i> (family Galagidae): implications for taxonomy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Andrew","family":"Perkin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000052721"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005542609002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005400205038"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"BayesM.1998.A molecular phylogenetic study of the galagos strepsirrhine primates and archontan mammals. Ph.D. dissertation Oxford Brookes University Reading UK."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02557715"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000089695"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"245","volume-title":"Hotspots revisited: earth's biologically richest and most endangered ecoregions","author":"Burgess ND","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"The coastal forests of eastern Africa","author":"Burgess ND","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","article-title":"Confirmation of \u2018Galagoides cocos\u2019 (Heller, 1912) as the name for the \u2018Kenya Coast galago.\u2019","author":"Butynski TM","journal-title":"Primate Conserv"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Ecology and behaviour of nocturnal primates","author":"Charles\u2010Dominique P","year":"1977"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02735703"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-2405-9_7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02735703"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"Primate sexuality: comparative studies of the prosimians, monkeys, apes and human beings","author":"Dixson AF","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7998.1977.tb04203.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9780691207209"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"Tropical rainforests: past, present, and future","author":"Fjelds\u00e5 J","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","volume-title":"Primate taxonomy","author":"Groves CP","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:IJOP.0000005994.86792.b9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"Primates: comparative anatomy and taxonomy. Vol. 1. Strepsirhini","author":"Hill WCO","year":"1953"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","unstructured":"HonessPE.1996.Speciation among Galagos (Primates Galagidae) in Tanzanian forests. Ph.D. dissertation Oxford Brookes University Oxford UK. 245p."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","first-page":"75","article-title":"Descriptions of the dwarf galago species of Tanzania","volume":"2","author":"Honess PE","year":"1996","journal-title":"Afr Primates"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","first-page":"255","article-title":"A new eastern race of Galago demidovii","volume":"8","author":"Lawrence B","year":"1936","journal-title":"Occ Papers Boston Soc Nat Hist"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005590524932"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.20149"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02735704"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2982\/0012-8317(2002)91[1:TTMDGG]2.0.CO;2"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Primatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fajp.20323","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ajp.20323","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,15]],"date-time":"2023-11-15T09:12:10Z","timestamp":1700039530000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ajp.20323"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,14]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ajp.20323"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajp.20323","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0275-2565","1098-2345"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0275-2565","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-2345","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,14]]}}}