{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T04:13:09Z","timestamp":1768277589721,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,12]],"date-time":"2008-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1226448000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Primatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Alouatta guariba clamitans<\/jats:italic>(brown howler monkey) is an endemic primate from the southeastern Brazil tropical forests, classified as near threatened by the IUCN Red List 2007. The genus<jats:italic>Alouatta<\/jats:italic>is one of the most difficult New World monkeys to breed and rear in captivity. In this study we examined the macroscopic and histological aspects of the female genital tract of wild brown howler monkeys to provide baseline information for future reproduction research. The anatomical relationship between the vagina, uterus, broad ligament, oviducts and ovaries are those of a typical primate reproductive tract. The fundic portion of the uterus is globoid, the cervix is well developed, which confers to the uterus an elongated shape, and the vagina is a long flattened channel. Histological analysis conducted in females in the follicular phase revealed large quantities of interstitial luteinized tissue in the ovaries, a stratified nonkeratinized vaginal epithelium, lack of glands in the vaginal mucosa and simple tubular endometrial glands. The observed anatomical features should be considered in the adaptation and application of assisted reproductive techniques aimed at improving captive reproduction for species conservation. Am. J. Primatol. 71:145\u2013152, 2009. \u00a9 2008 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajp.20633","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,12]],"date-time":"2008-11-12T15:06:19Z","timestamp":1226502379000},"page":"145-152","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Observations on the female internal reproductive organs of the brown howler monkey (<i>Alouatta guariba clamitans<\/i>)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Mariana Matera","family":"Veras","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karina","family":"do Valle Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Ang\u00e9lica","family":"Miglino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elia Garcia","family":"Caldini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1000420110"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2006.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod34.1.29"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"Primatas do Brasil","author":"Auricchio P","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7998.1927.tb07430.x","article-title":"The anatomy of the common marmoset (Hapale jacchus, Kuhl)","volume":"27","author":"Beattie J","year":"1927","journal-title":"Proc Zool Soc Lond"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/RD9951199"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0590107"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)36607-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02382274"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02382301"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.1051220202"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","first-page":"201","volume-title":"Recent advances in primatology","author":"Colillas OJ","year":"1978"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1000640303"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","first-page":"542","volume-title":"Primatologia","author":"Eckstein P","year":"1958"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330380121"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1090610402"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000143155"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000144337"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1090730205"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","first-page":"473","volume-title":"Medical primatology","author":"Hertig AT","year":"1971"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","first-page":"1041","article-title":"The female genital tract of the owl monkey (Aotus trivirgatus) with special reference to the ovary","volume":"26","author":"Hertig AT","year":"1976","journal-title":"Lab Anim Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1096-3642.1953.tb00357.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"Primates: comparative anatomy and taxonomy. 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