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We submitted a survey questionnaire to 100 people living in four villages in the Park to enquire about their knowledge of chimpanzee ecology and human\u2013chimpanzee interactions. Local farmers live in close contact with chimpanzees, consider them to be more similar to humans than any other species, and attribute special importance to them primarily due to expectations of tourism revenue. Interviewees' responses, as a function of gender, village, and age, were analyzed statistically using non\u2010parametric tests (Mann\u2013Whitney and Kruskal\u2013Wallis). Age influenced responses significantly, while gender and village had no significant effect. Youngsters emphasized morphological aspects of human\u2013chimpanzee similarities, while adults emphasized chimpanzee behavior and narratives about the shared history of humans and chimpanzees. Tourism, conservation, and crop raiding feature prominently in people's reports about chimpanzees. Local people's engagement with conservation and tourism\u2010related activities is likely to allow them to manage not only the costs but also the benefits of conservation, and can in turn inform the expectations built upon tourism. Am. J. Primatol. 76:122\u2013134, 2014. \u00a9 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajp.22215","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,12]],"date-time":"2013-10-12T01:44:54Z","timestamp":1381542294000},"page":"122-134","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Local knowledge and perceptions of chimpanzees in Cantanhez National Park, Guinea\u2010Bissau"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Joana","family":"Sousa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Antropologia, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias Sociais e Humanas Universidade Nova de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal"},{"name":"Departamento de Biologia Animal Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal"},{"name":"Anthropology Centre for Conservation, Environment &amp; Development Oxford Brookes University Oxford UK"},{"name":"Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) Lisbon Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Research in Anthropology (CRIA) Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Vicente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biologia Animal Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias da Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Spartaco","family":"Gippoliti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IUCN\/SSC Primate Specialist Group Gland Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catarina","family":"Casanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) Lisbon Portugal"},{"name":"CAPP, School of Social and Political Sciences Technical University of Lisbon Lisboa Portugal"},{"name":"Unidade de Antropologia Instituto Superior de Ci\u00eancias Sociais e Pol\u00edticas (ISCSP) da Universidade T\u00e9cnica de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e1udia","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Antropologia, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias Sociais e Humanas Universidade Nova de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal"},{"name":"Centre for Research in Anthropology (CRIA) Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","volume-title":"Relat\u00f3rio de actividades da AD","author":"AD","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","volume-title":"Relat\u00f3rio de actividades da AD","author":"AD","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0305-750X(02)00149-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3171994"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.0050289"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0376892901000145"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1549-0831.1999.tb00382.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","volume-title":"Development and Gorillas?: assessing fifteen years of integrated conservation and development in South\u2010Western Uganda","author":"Blomley T","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"209","article-title":"Taboo of eating bonobo among the Bomgando people in the Wamba region, Democratic Republic of Congo","volume":"30","author":"Bongoli L","year":"2009","journal-title":"Afr Study Monogr"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1739.2003.01754.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","first-page":"50","volume-title":"Les aires prot\u00e9g\u00e9es de Guin\u00e9e\u2010Bissau. 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