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In the current study, we conducted a retrospective study of digestive tracts including oral cavity, salivary glands, esophagus, stomach, intestines (gastrointestinal tract [GI]), liver, and pancreas of 60 free\u2010ranging mountain gorillas from Uganda, Rwanda, and the Democratic Republic of Congo that died between 1985 and 2007. We reviewed clinical histories and gross pathology reports and examined histological sections. On histology, enteritis (58.6%), gastritis (37.3%), and colitis (29.3%) were the commonest lesions in the tracts. Enteritis and colitis were generally mild, and judged likely to have been subclinical. Gastritis was often chronic and proliferative or ulcerative, and associated with nematodiasis. A gastro\u2010duodenal malignancy (carcinoid) was present in one animal. A number of incidental lesions were identified throughout the tract and cestodes and nematodes were frequently observed grossly and\/or histologically. Pigmentation of teeth and tongue were a common finding, but periodontitis and dental attrition were less common than reported from past studies of skeletal remains. Despite observing numerous GI lesions and parasites in this study of deceased free\u2010living mountain gorillas, we confirmed mortality attributable to gastroenteritis in just 8% (5\/60) cases, which is less than that described in captive gorillas. Other deaths attributed to digestive tract lesions included cleft palate in an infant, periodontal disease causing systemic infection in an older adult and gastric cancer. Of all the parasitic infections observed, only hepatic capillariasis and gastric nematodiasis were significantly associated with lesions (hepatitis and gastritis, respectively). Understanding GI lesions in this endangered species is key in the management of morbidity associated with GI ailments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajp.23290","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,8]],"date-time":"2021-06-08T18:45:14Z","timestamp":1623177914000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Pathological lesions of the digestive tract in free\u2010ranging mountain gorillas (<i>Gorilla beringei beringei<\/i>)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"83","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3217-7858","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Denis","family":"Muhangi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Wildlife and Aquatic Resources Management, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Resources, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity Makerere University Kampala Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris H.","family":"Gardiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterinary Pathology Service Joint Pathology Center Silver Spring Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lonzy","family":"Ojok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biolaboratory Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity Makerere University Kampala Uganda"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Gulu University Gulu Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael R.","family":"Cranfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gorilla Doctors, MGVP, Inc. and Karen C. 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