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Herpesviruses, which are ubiquitous in primates, have the potential to be shared in any setting where humans and gorillas share habitat. Based on serological findings and clinical observations of orofacial ulcerated lesions resembling herpetic lesions, an alpha\u2010herpesvirus resembling human herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV\u20101) has long been suspected to be present in human\u2010habituated mountain gorillas in the wild. While the etiology of orofacial lesions in the wild has not been confirmed, HSV\u20101 has been suspected in captively\u2010housed mountain gorillas and confirmed in a co\u2010housed confiscated Grauer's gorilla (<jats:italic>Gorilla beringei graueri<\/jats:italic>). To better characterize herpesviruses infecting mountain gorillas and to determine the presence\/absence of HSV\u20101 in the free\u2010living population, we conducted a population\u2010wide survey to test for the presence of orally shed herpesviruses. DNA was extracted from discarded chewed plants collected from 294 individuals from 26 groups, and samples were screened by polymerase chain reaction using pan\u2010herpesvirus and HSV\u20101\u2010specific assays. We found no evidence that human herpesviruses had infected free\u2010ranging mountain gorillas. However, we found gorilla\u2010specific homologs to human herpesviruses, including cytomegaloviruses (GbbCMV\u20101 and 2), a lymphocryptovirus (GbbLCV\u20101), and a new rhadinovirus (GbbRHV\u20101) with similar characteristics (i.e., timing of primary infection, shedding in multiple age groups, and potential modes of transmission) to their human counterparts, human cytomegalovirus, Epstein\u2010Barr virus and Kaposi's sarcoma\u2010associated herpesvirus, respectively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajp.23439","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,20]],"date-time":"2022-10-20T06:55:47Z","timestamp":1666248947000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Simian homologues of human herpesviruses and implications for novel viral introduction to free\u2010living mountain gorillas"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"85","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1916-0189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tierra","family":"Smiley Evans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gorilla Doctors, Karen C. 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