{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T08:46:03Z","timestamp":1782722763954,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780358400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["American J Primatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Yellow fever (YF) outbreaks and anthropogenic fires are major sources of mortality in Neotropical primates, yet their legacy effects on population structure and reproductive output remain poorly quantified. We conducted a comparative assessment of black and gold howler monkey population (\n                    <jats:italic>Alouatta caraya<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) across three population contexts in northeastern Argentina: (1) Yellow fever\u2010affected, (2) Yellow fever\u2010free populations, (3) a fire\u2010affected population in Iber\u00e1 wetlands. Group size was similar across sites, with a median of 9 individuals (range: 3\u201315). Multimale\u2013multifemale groups predominated across all populations (76%\u201394%), and adult sex ratios were relatively balanced across sites, ranging from 1.4:1 to 1.6:1 adult females per adult males. Reproductive indicators were consistent among populations, averaging 1.4 immatures per adult female, while infant production ranged from 0.2 to 0.5 infants per adult female across sites. We recorded 60 births, primarily concentrated in autumn. YF\u2010affected sites, which maintain low population densities (0.33\u2009ind\/ha), included social units as small as three individuals, despite an overall demographic structure comparable to that of unaffected populations. In contrast, the fire\u2010affected site exhibited a higher proportion of subadult males (28%), consistent with a potential crowding effect (2.22\u2009ind\/ha) and dispersal limitation in recently burned remnants. Our findings suggest that\n                    <jats:italic>A. caraya<\/jats:italic>\n                    maintains stable social structures and reproductive output despite disturbances, highlighting demographic resilience. However, persistent low densities in YF\u2010affected sites, altered dispersal patterns in burned landscapes, and the potential effects of isolation and habitat degradation underscore the need for long\u2010term monitoring to evaluate population viability under increasing environmental uncertainty and ongoing landscape change.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajp.70172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T12:51:08Z","timestamp":1780404668000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Demographic Structure of Black and Gold Howler Monkeys (\n                    <i>Alouatta caraya<\/i>\n                    ) in Northeastern Argentina: A Post\u2010Disturbance Baseline Across Contrasting Landscapes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"88","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6158-7891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas","family":"Gorostiaga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Gen\u00e9tica Aplicada (GIGA), Instituto de Biolog\u00eda Subtropical (IBS), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) \u2013 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y Tecnol\u00f3gicas (CONICET) Posadas Misiones Argentina"},{"name":"Neotropical Primate Conservation Argentina (NPC Argentina) Puerto Iguaz\u00fa Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6737-3771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Kowalewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neotropical Primate Conservation Argentina (NPC Argentina) Puerto Iguaz\u00fa Argentina"},{"name":"Estaci\u00f3n Biol\u00f3gica Corrientes (EBCo) \u2013 Centro de Ecolog\u00eda Aplicada del Litoral \u2013 CONICET \u2013 UNNE Corrientes Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luciana","family":"Oklander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Gen\u00e9tica Aplicada (GIGA), Instituto de Biolog\u00eda Subtropical (IBS), Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) \u2013 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y Tecnol\u00f3gicas (CONICET) Posadas Misiones Argentina"},{"name":"Neotropical Primate Conservation Argentina (NPC Argentina) Puerto Iguaz\u00fa Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10329-008-0106-1"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","first-page":"29","article-title":"H\u00e1bitat y densidad de Aotus azarae y Alouatta caraya en Riacho Pilag\u00e1, Formosa [Habitat and density of Aotusazarae and Alouatta caraya in Riacho Pilag\u00e1, Formosa]","volume":"2","author":"Arditi S. 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