{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T23:07:27Z","timestamp":1790204847035,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,5,9]],"date-time":"2002-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1020902400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Phys Anthropol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The average thickness of soft tissues on parts of the face is known, but its variation has not been related to cranial morphology. To investigate this relationship, measurements of facial soft\u2010tissue depths and craniometric dimensions were taken on adult, white Australian cadavers (17 male and 23 female). Significant correlations between many soft\u2010tissue depths and craniometric dimensions were found, suggesting a relationship between the amount of soft tissue present on the face and the size of the underlying bony skeleton. Soft\u2010tissue depths were highly positively correlated with each other; craniometric dimensions were correlated but to a lesser extent. Males had thicker soft tissues and larger craniometric dimensions than females; considerable overlap of ranges was also noted. Multiple regression analysis was used to produce equations predicting the soft\u2010tissue depth at specified areas of the face from craniometric dimensions. A subsample of nine cadavers was examined for the effects of tissue embalming. Embalming caused significant initial increases in facial soft\u2010tissue depths. Cadavers embalmed for less than 6 months had soft\u2010tissue depths significantly greater than for fully embalmed cadavers. The evidence that facial soft\u2010tissue thicknesses vary with craniofacial dimensions has implications for forensic identification, facial aesthetic surgery, and approximation of the facial features of extinct individuals. Am J Phys Anthropol 118:121\u2013133, 2002. \u00a9 2002 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.10073","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,25]],"date-time":"2002-08-25T23:27:00Z","timestamp":1030318020000},"page":"121-133","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":137,"title":["Variation in soft\u2010tissue thicknesses on the human face and their relation to craniometric dimensions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"118","author":[{"given":"Ellie","family":"Simpson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maciej","family":"Henneberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"AndersonW.1996.The correlation between soft tissue thickness and bony proportions of the skull and how they relate to facial reconstruction. Unpublished manuscript."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0379-0738(96)01893-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199210000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"477","article-title":"Stature, head height, and growth of the vertical face","volume":"83","author":"Baume RM","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330790304"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330610312"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"217","article-title":"Craniofacial growth and size patterns during postnatal development","volume":"47","author":"Buschang PH","year":"1983","journal-title":"Growth"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"443","volume-title":"Fundamentals of craniofacial growth","author":"Dixon AD","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","first-page":"267","article-title":"Soft\u2010hard tissue correlations and computer drawings for the frontal view","volume":"45","author":"Eisenfeld J","year":"1975","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Facial growth","author":"Enlow DH","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","volume-title":"Anthropometric facial proportions in medicine","author":"Farkas LG","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","first-page":"199","volume-title":"Forensic analysis of the skull","author":"Fedosyutkin BA","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"The face finder","author":"Gerasimov MM","year":"1968"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"Sch\u00e4delidentifizierung durch elektronische Bildmischung","author":"Helmer R","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","first-page":"121","article-title":"Brain size\u2010body weight variability in Homo sapiens: consequences for interpreting hominid evolution","volume":"39","author":"Henneberg M","year":"1990","journal-title":"Homo"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00359199209520260"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6300(1998)10:1<73::AID-AJHB9>3.0.CO;2-D"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2842.1974.tb00771.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/9781412984782"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","first-page":"97","article-title":"Srednie arytmetyczne i macierze wsp\u00f3lczynnikow korelacji wybranych cech kraniologicznych i osteologicznych z Ostrowa Lednickiego","volume":"38","author":"Kriesel G","year":"1972","journal-title":"Prz Antropol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"The human skeleton in forensic medicine","author":"Krogman WM","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","first-page":"183","volume-title":"Forensic analysis of the skull","author":"Lebedinskaya GV","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","first-page":"47","volume-title":"Forensic analysis of the skull","author":"Leopold D","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS11917J"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS12719J"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"Lehrbuch der Antropologie","author":"Martin R","year":"1957"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(97)70267-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(97)70249-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(69)90034-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","first-page":"177","article-title":"Growth changes in the soft tissue profile","volume":"60","author":"Nanda RM","year":"1989","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","first-page":"27","volume-title":"Anthropometrica","author":"Norton K","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0379-0738(96)02010-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","volume-title":"Proportions of the aesthetic face","author":"Powell N","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","volume-title":"Making faces: using forensic and archaeological evidence","author":"Prag J","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1520\/JFS11301J","article-title":"Thickness of facial tissue in American blacks","volume":"25","author":"Rhine JS","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","first-page":"101","article-title":"Intercorrelations of head and face dimensions","volume":"25","author":"Str\u00e1dalov\u00e1 V","year":"1977","journal-title":"Anthropologie"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1537\/ase1911.60.7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1000410202"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511600500.004"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Physical Anthropology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fajpa.10073","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ajpa.10073","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,18]],"date-time":"2023-11-18T15:53:29Z","timestamp":1700322809000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ajpa.10073"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,5,9]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ajpa.10073"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajpa.10073","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9483","1096-8644"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9483","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-8644","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,5,9]]}}}