{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T18:18:39Z","timestamp":1768673919882,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,7]],"date-time":"2003-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1057536000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Phys Anthropol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study of linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH) in Plio\u2010Pleistocene hominins builds on a previous study (Guatelli\u2010Steinberg [<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"#bib20\">2003<\/jats:ext-link>] Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. <jats:italic>120:<\/jats:italic>309\u2013322) that focused on LEH in early South African hominins. The present study is more comprehensive, encompassing dental specimens of hominins from East Africa as well, including early <jats:italic>Homo<\/jats:italic>. As a developmental defect of enamel, LEH is used in anthropological contexts to reveal information about physiological stress. However, intrinsic aspects of enamel development and morphology can affect the expression of LEH, complicating efforts to understand the significance of these defects. In this study, the analysis of LEH is conducted with respect to enamel development and morphology. It is predicted that <jats:italic>Paranthropus<\/jats:italic> should have fewer defects on its canine teeth than <jats:italic>Australopithecus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Homo<\/jats:italic>, owing to its abbreviated period of enamel formation. This prediction is supported: <jats:italic>Paranthropus<\/jats:italic> has statistically significantly fewer defects per canine than <jats:italic>Australopithecus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Homo<\/jats:italic>. The previous study demonstrated that despite the wider spacing of perikymata on the teeth of South African <jats:italic>Paranthropus<\/jats:italic>, defects on the canine teeth of this genus were not wider than those of <jats:italic>Australopithecus<\/jats:italic>. A multiple linear regression analysis in that study, as well as a separate analysis in the present study, indicate that the number of perikymata within defects is a better predictor of defect width than perikymata spacing. In this study, it was additionally found that the average number of perikymata within <jats:italic>Australopithecus<\/jats:italic> defects is statistically significantly greater than it is in Paranthropus, thus explaining why <jats:italic>Paranthropus<\/jats:italic> defects are not wider than those of <jats:italic>Australopithecus<\/jats:italic>. The biological significance of this difference in the number of perikymata within the defects of <jats:italic>Australopithecus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Paranthropus<\/jats:italic> is considered in light of several factors, including: 1) the possibility that other intrinsic attributes of enamel morphology may be involved (specifically the faster extension rates of <jats:italic>Paranthropus<\/jats:italic> that result in shallower defects), 2) generic differences in the canalization of enamel development, and 3) generic differences in the duration of disruptions to enamel growth. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2003. \u00a9 2003 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.10324","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,2,12]],"date-time":"2004-02-12T09:00:30Z","timestamp":1076576430000},"page":"199-215","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Analysis and significance of linear enamel hypoplasia in Plio\u2010Pleistocene hominins"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"123","author":[{"given":"Debbie","family":"Guatelli\u2010Steinberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.1310070307"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/335509a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01134473"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","volume-title":"The hunters or the hunted? 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