{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T09:41:59Z","timestamp":1785577319478,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,7]],"date-time":"2005-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1118102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14708,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Phys Anthropol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1965,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>To complement a previous study relating to ear disease in temporal bones from South Dakota Indian burials, radiographs were made looking for altered mastoid development suggesting the presence of infections during the period of their growth. Infection has been implicated as a causative, accentuating, or precipitating factor in the disease otosclerosis. Theories relating to the development of the mastoids are discussed and a pertinent bibliography is presented.<\/jats:p><jats:p>In total 417 temporal bones were examined. Of these 251 representing 130 individuals were from Arikara burials, and 166 representing 91 individuals, were from Middle Plains Woodland people, Sioux Historic, and other miscellaneous burials.<\/jats:p><jats:p>One hundred eleven Arikara temporal bones (44%) showed evidence of altered pneumatization (diploic\u201010, sclerotic\u201013, mixed\u201088), while 86 other culture temporal bones (51.8%) demonstrated similar changes (diploic\u20104, sclerotic\u201013, mixed\u201069). Unilateral and bilateral variable air cell patterns were found. There was no age, sex, or ear lateralization of air cell patterns. No evidence of the effect of cholesteatoma, cancer, surgery, or other bone disease was found.<\/jats:p><jats:p>These findings suggest that the people represented by these skulls must have had a significant amount of infectious middle ear disease during the period of the development of their mastoids.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330230120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,9]],"date-time":"2005-08-09T03:54:11Z","timestamp":1123559651000},"page":"51-61","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Roentgenographic evaluation of temporal bones from South Dakota Indian burials"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"John B.","family":"Gregg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James P.","family":"Steele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"And Ann","family":"Holzhueter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"1002","article-title":"Symposium on Certain Fundamentals in Regard to Suppuration of the Petrosal pyramid","volume":"44","author":"American Otological Society","year":"1935","journal-title":"Ann. Otol., Rhin. and Laryng."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"295","article-title":"Die Otitis Media Neonatorum, Ein Beitrag Zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Paukenhohle","volume":"31","author":"Aschoff L.","year":"1897","journal-title":"Z. Ohrenheilk"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1964.00750040147007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"120","volume-title":"Pediatric X\u2010ray Diagnosis","author":"Caffey J.","year":"1961"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","unstructured":"Cheatle A.1906Hunterian Lectures Royal College of Surgeons."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","first-page":"256","article-title":"The infantile types of mastoid with ninety\u2010six specimens","volume":"22","author":"Cheatle A.","year":"1907","journal-title":"Journ. Laryng., London"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"88","volume-title":"The infantile types of the temporal bone and their surgical importance","author":"Cheatle A.","year":"1910"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cheatle A.1910Twenty Specimens of Chronic Middle Ear Suppuration and its Sequelae Eighteen of the Bones being of the Infantile Types and two Cellular. London Society of Medicine. Proceedings. Otological Section p.3.","DOI":"10.1177\/003591571000301116"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cheatle A.1911Three Specimens of Chronic Middle Ear Suppuration in each of which the Opposite Side was Normal the six Bones being all of the Diploetic Infantile Type. London. Society of Medicine. Proceedings. 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E.","year":"1950"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","first-page":"113","volume-title":"Radiographic Anatomic Studies of the Skull, Medical Radiography and Photography","author":"Etter L. E.","year":"1952"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","first-page":"99","volume-title":"Radiographic Anatomy of the Temporal Bone, Medical Radiography and Photography","author":"Farrior J. B.","year":"1950"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Flisberg K.1963Relationship of Middle Ear Disease to Mastoid Hypocellularity. Acta otolaryng. Supp. p.182.","DOI":"10.3109\/00016486309139994"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Pathologie und der Mittelo\u2010hrenzundungon im Kindesalter","author":"Gomperz B.","year":"1906"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","first-page":"298","article-title":"Bacteriologische Beobachtungen \u00fcber den Inhalt der Trommelh\u00f6hle in Cadavern von Neugeborenen und S\u00e4uglingen","volume":"21","author":"Gradenigo G.","year":"1891","journal-title":"Z. 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