{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T03:05:25Z","timestamp":1768273525659,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,8]],"date-time":"2005-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1118188800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6521,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Phys Anthropol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1987,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The relationship between nutritional status, measured by height for age, and cognition, measured by WISC full\u2010scale IQ, was studied in a longitudinal sample of 459 urban Guatemalan children, aged 4\u20139 years, from a disadvantaged community of the fringe of Guatemala City, examined annually over a 3 year period. Socioeconomic status (SES) was controlled by developing a composite index for each home. The mean IQ differed significantly from the lowest to the highest quartiles of stature, the difference between the two extreme quartiles being approximately 0.3 SD of IQ. There was a significant interaction between SES and stature in their effects on IQ. Whereas nutritional status and SES affected IQ in an additive fashion in the upper three SES quartiles, there was no difference in IQ attributible to stature among children from the most disadvantaged homes. This analysis indicates that the mild\u2010to\u2010moderate protein\u2010energy malnutrition (defined by height for age) that is prevalent among children from disadvantaged environments in developing countries is significantly related to cognitive development. However, in the poorest homes, SES is seen as a more important determinant of cognitive development than stature.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330730412","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,3]],"date-time":"2006-02-03T22:54:50Z","timestamp":1139007290000},"page":"501-506","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Interaction of nutritional and socioeconomic status as determinants of cognitive development in disadvantaged urban Guatemalan children"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Francis E.","family":"Johnston","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Setha M.","family":"Low","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yetilu","family":"de Baessa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert B.","family":"MacVean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/42.1.102"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1129868"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"285","article-title":"La desnutricion proteicocalorica y el desarrollo psicobiologico del nino","volume":"61","author":"Cravioto J","year":"1966","journal-title":"Bol. 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