{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T10:38:40Z","timestamp":1790419120717,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,2]],"date-time":"2005-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1114992000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5084,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Phys Anthropol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hydrocephalus is a severe disorder of the central nervous system characterized by absorption blockage of the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF). The archaeological record of the condition ranges in time from 10,000 B.C. to 1670 A.D. and consists of 30 possible cases worldwide. A review of this material reveals that diagnostic criteria which fully delineate the condition have not been established. Previously, no attempt has been made to differentiate the two major categories of hydrocephalus and their subgroupings, or to identify other conditions which might result in similar morphologies. A partial child's skeleton from the Middle Period (ca. 2500 B.C. to 500 A.D.) of Central California Prehistory is described in light of an extensive clinical literature. Examination of this individual reveals a unique craniofacial configuration and malformed postcrania. Bony criteria for a differential diagnosis of hydrocephalus are established and applied to this individual. Based on these criteria, the individual is diagnosed as having a chronic form of noncommunicating hydrocephalus. Blockage of the CSF pathway most likely occurred in the aqueduct of Sylvius with a partial occlusion of the foramen of Monro or a frontal cyst. In addition, femoral development is suggestive of partial paralysis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330850207","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,8]],"date-time":"2005-08-08T19:02:55Z","timestamp":1123527775000},"page":"185-200","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Craniofacial configuration and postcranial development of a hydrocephalic child (ca. 2500 <scp>B.C.<\/scp>\u2013500 <scp>A.D.<\/scp>): With a review of cases and comment on diagnostic criteria"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Gary D.","family":"Richards","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan C.","family":"Anton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1177\/003591576605911P131","article-title":"Further observations on normal pressure hydrocephalus","volume":"59","author":"Adams RD","year":"1966","journal-title":"Proc. Roy. Soc. Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330790213"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.163.3864.255"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Krankheitserscheinungen und Verletzungen an Spaetmittelalterlichen Skeletten aus Jena. Mitteilungen Sektion Anthrop","volume":"2","author":"Bach H","year":"1962","journal-title":"Bio. Gesellschaft DDR"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"Human osteology","author":"Bass WM","year":"1971"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/34.1-2.18"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/276039"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1525\/9780520340497-011","volume-title":"The California Indians","author":"Beardsley RK","year":"1971"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/13.1.14","article-title":"The Dandy\u2010Walker Syndrome or the so\u2010called atresia of the foramen Magendie","volume":"13","author":"Benda CE","year":"1954","journal-title":"J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol."},{"issue":"22","key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1970.tb02996.x","article-title":"The dural sinuses and the veins in the midline of the brain in mylomeningocele","volume":"12","author":"Blaauw G","year":"1970","journal-title":"Dev. Med. Child. Neurol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.900590102"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"Digging up bones","author":"Brothwell DR","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Diseases in Antiquity: A Survey of the Diseases, Injuries, and Surgery of Early Populations","author":"Brothwell DR","year":"1967"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2843909"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"Human structure","author":"Cartmill M","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-195804000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","first-page":"436","article-title":"A case of hydrocephalus in an Egyptian of the Roman period","volume":"67","author":"Derry DE","year":"1913","journal-title":"J. Anat. Physiol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.31.158.288"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1987.tb10491.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1963.20.12.1064"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1966.0184"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","first-page":"210","article-title":"Craniofacial anomalies in the upper Missouri river basin over a millennium: Archeological and clinical evidence","volume":"18","author":"Gregg JB","year":"1981","journal-title":"Cleft Palate J."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"Dry bones: Dakota territory reflected","author":"Gregg JB","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","first-page":"253","article-title":"Nachtrag zu einer Palaeopathologie menschlicher Skelettreste aus dem Boden der DDR","volume":"32","author":"Grimm H","year":"1987","journal-title":"Teil 1. Ausgra. und Funde"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","first-page":"456","article-title":"Ueber einen Jungsteinzeitlichen Hydrocephalus von Seeburg im Mansfelder Seekreis und sein Gebiss","volume":"15","author":"Grimm H","year":"1952","journal-title":"Dtsch. Zahn, Mund, und Kieferheilkunde"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00313723"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","volume-title":"Cranial variation in man","author":"Howells WW","year":"1973"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","first-page":"304","article-title":"Notes on the microcephalic or idiot skull, and on the macrocephalic or hydrocephalic skull","volume":"29","author":"Humphry G","year":"1895","journal-title":"J. Anat. Physiol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1986.tb03241.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","unstructured":"KantJ(1981) Salvage excavations at the Hofer Mound 39HT2 Hutchinson County South Dakota. In HW Blakely (ed.) 12th Dakota History Conference Karl E. Mundt Hist. Educ. Found. Series No. 7."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"Untitled (report on excavations of a 17th Century Indian cemetery at North Kingstown, R.I.)","volume":"47","author":"Kelley M","year":"1984","journal-title":"Paleopathol. Newsltr."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/187530146X00023"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Growth of man","volume":"20","author":"Krogman WM","year":"1941","journal-title":"Tabulae Biolo."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","volume-title":"Syllabus in roentgenographic cephalometry","author":"Krogman WM","year":"1957"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/02841851660050P102"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","first-page":"21","volume-title":"Congenital Abnormalities in Infancy","author":"Laurence KM","year":"1963"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.37.194.345"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","volume-title":"Lehrbuch der Anthropologie, Volume 2","author":"Martin R","year":"1928"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","unstructured":"MeerRM(1987)An extreme case of hydrocephaly? Papers paleopathol. Fourteenth Annual Meeting pp.19(Abstract)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","volume-title":"Hydrocephalus and the cerebrospinal fluid","author":"Milhorat TH","year":"1972"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3270892"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","volume-title":"California archaeology","author":"Moratto MJ","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","volume-title":"Ancient disease in the midwest","author":"Morse D","year":"1978"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330180406"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-8389(22)01757-2","article-title":"The radiological investigation of hydrocephalus","volume":"9","author":"New PFJ","year":"1971","journal-title":"Radiol. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","first-page":"203","article-title":"Congenital malformations in the American Indian Soc.","volume":"22","author":"Niswander JD","year":"1975","journal-title":"Bio."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","volume-title":"Paleopathologie et pathologie comparative","author":"Pales L","year":"1930"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","first-page":"426","article-title":"Einige Medizinisch Interessante Funde aus dem Merovinger'schen Graberfeld (5. Jahrhundert n. Ch.) in Weimar","volume":"29","author":"Pfeiffer L","year":"1900","journal-title":"Corr.\u2010Blat. Allgem. Arztlichen Vereins Thuringen"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1969.31.5.0550"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330680305"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2334978"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","first-page":"166","volume-title":"Studies in the paleopathology of Egypt","author":"Ruffer MA","year":"1921"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","series-title":"Med. Res. Council Spec. Rep. Ser., No. 265","volume-title":"Observations on the Pathology of Hydrocephalus","author":"Russell DS","year":"1966"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","volume-title":"The royal mummies","author":"Smith GE","year":"1912"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1986.00520010030016"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1972.36.2.0201"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_1","series-title":"Roman Malton and District Rep. No. 7","volume-title":"The Roman pottery at Norton, East Yorkshire","author":"Trevor JC","year":"1950"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_1","volume-title":"Human skeletal remains: excavation, analysis, interpretation","author":"Ubelaker DH","year":"1978"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_1","first-page":"337","volume-title":"A History of American Physical Anthropology","author":"Ubelaker DH","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3406\/bspf.1971.10348"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_62_1","volume-title":"Les anciens patagons: Contributions \u00e1 l'\u00e9tude des races pr\u00e9colombiennes de l'Am\u00e9rique du Sud","author":"Verneau R","year":"1903"},{"issue":"44","key":"e_1_2_1_63_1","first-page":"425","article-title":"The experimental production of an internal hydrocephalus","volume":"9","author":"Weed LH","year":"1920","journal-title":"Carnegie Inst. Cont. Embryol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_64_1","volume-title":"Lectures on the diseases of infancy and childhood","author":"West C","year":"1850"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5962\/bhl.title.29417"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_66_1","first-page":"839","article-title":"Human paleopathology: With some original observations on symmetrical osteoporosis of the skull","volume":"7","author":"Williams HU","year":"1929","journal-title":"Arch. Pathol."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_67_1","first-page":"561","article-title":"Paraplegias of hydrocephalus","volume":"51","author":"Yakovlev PI","year":"1947","journal-title":"Am. J. Mental Deficiency"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_68_1","unstructured":"ZammitJ andCrubezyE(1986)A possible case of hydrocephalus in a Colombian mummy. Papers Paleopathol. Sixth European Members Meeting pp.15(Abstract)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_69_1","volume-title":"Atlas of human paleopathology","author":"Zimmerman MR","year":"1982"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Physical Anthropology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fajpa.1330850207","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ajpa.1330850207","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,22]],"date-time":"2023-10-22T23:35:56Z","timestamp":1698017756000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ajpa.1330850207"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1991,6]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ajpa.1330850207"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajpa.1330850207","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9483","1096-8644"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9483","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-8644","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1991,6]]}}}